{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,16]],"date-time":"2025-09-16T16:37:12Z","timestamp":1758040632725,"version":"3.44.0"},"reference-count":41,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,24]],"date-time":"2022-02-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1645660800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":54,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["International Journal of Clinical Practice"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p><jats:italic>Aim of the Study<\/jats:italic>. To evaluate the utilization of oral antithrombotic agents, non\u2010vitamin K antagonist oral anticoagulants (NOACs), vitamin K antagonists (VKAs), or antiplatelet therapy (APT), in ventricular thrombus (VT) patients and to analyze factors for thrombus resolution and clinical outcomes. <jats:italic>Methods<\/jats:italic>. This retrospective observational study was conducted from 2010 to 2019 in National Center of Cardiovascular Diseases of China. We included patients with VT confirmed by imaging. The primary outcome was the rate of thrombus resolution. Hazard ratio (HR) was calculated with or without adjustment for covariates using Cox proportional hazards regression models. <jats:italic>Results<\/jats:italic>. 463 patients were included. 43.0% received VKAs, 16.6% received NOACs, and 40.4% received APT. Over a median of 468 days\u2019 follow\u2010up, NOACs group was more likely to have the thrombus resolved within 12 months\u2019 follow\u2010up than VKAs (HR 2.28, 95% CI 1.57 to 3.31) or APT (HR 2.92, 95% CI 1.97 to 4.33). After adjustment for baseline variables, the significance remained in the comparison of NOACs versus VKAs (HR 2.13, 95% CI 1.41 to 3.22) as well as NOACs versus APT (HR 2.55, 95% CI 1.53 to 4.27). No significant differences were identified in bleeding rate, thromboembolism rate, or all\u2010cause death in 12\u2009months\u2019 follow\u2010up. <jats:italic>Conclusion<\/jats:italic>. Our findings showed that patients who were male, diagnosed with MI with or without ventricular aneurysm, or diagnosed with coronary artery diseases medical history had a risk of thrombus unresolved. Patients with NOACs had a higher resolution and a similar safety profile comparing VKAs or APT, which persisted after adjusting for other factors. Large randomized controlled trials are required urgently. This trial is registered with <jats:ext-link xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" xlink:href=\"https:\/\/clinicaltrials.gov\/ct2\/show\/NCT05006677%7d%7bNCT05006677%7d%20in\">NCT05006677<\/jats:ext-link>.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1155\/2022\/7400860","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,24]],"date-time":"2022-02-24T21:35:36Z","timestamp":1645738536000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Different Oral Antithrombotic Therapy for the Treatment of Ventricular Thrombus: An Observational Study from 2010 to 2019"],"prefix":"10.1155","volume":"2022","author":[{"given":"Qing","family":"Yang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xinyue","family":"Lang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xin","family":"Quan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Zebin","family":"Gong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6368-6471","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yan","family":"Liang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,24]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_12_1_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjcard.2013.12.015"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/nejm198902093200604"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_3_2","first-page":"e78","article-title":"ACCF\/AHA guideline for the management of ST-elevation myocardial infarction","volume":"61","author":"O\u2019Gara P. T.","year":"2013","journal-title":"A Report of the American College of Cardiology Foundation\/American Heart Association Task Force on Practice Guidelines"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_4_2","first-page":"766","article-title":"Guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of acute myocardial infarction in patients presenting with ST-segment elevation","volume":"47","author":"Chinese Society of Cardiology of Chinese Medical Association E B o C J o C","year":"2019","journal-title":"Chinese Journal of Cardiology"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/nejmoa0905561"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chest.2015.11.026"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjcard.2019.05.009"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4103\/jfmpc.jfmpc_459_19"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.drudis.2017.05.010"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_10_2","first-page":"216","article-title":"Guidelines for the prevention of stroke in patients with stroke and transient ischemic attack: a guideline for healthcare professionals from the American Heart Association\/American Stroke Association","volume":"45","author":"Kemcn W. N. O. B.","year":"2014","journal-title":"Stroke"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehx393"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/FJC.0000000000000987"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.thromres.2020.11.018"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/00015385.2020.1858538"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjcard.2020.12.014"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/clc.23553"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1060028020975111"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1074248420977567"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12959-020-00242-x"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/00015385.2021.1901024"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ehf2.12718"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s40261-020-00898-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjmed.2020.05.025"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_24_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/mjt.0000000000001351"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_25_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0252549"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_26_2","article-title":"The use of novel oral anti-coagulant\u2019s (NOAC) compared to vitamin K antagonists (warfarin) in patients with left ventricular thrombus after acute myocardial infarction (AMI)","volume":"7","author":"Jones D. A.","year":"2020","journal-title":"European Heart Journal\u2014Cardiovascular Pharmacotherapy"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_27_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/tomography7020016"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_28_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1538-7836.2005.01204.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_29_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jth.13140"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_30_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/14651858.ED000142"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_31_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.11604\/pamj.2021.39.212.28585"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_32_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ehjcvp\/pvw032"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_33_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.thromres.2014.06.020"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_34_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1182\/asheducation-2015.1.117"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_35_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/ftd.0000000000000059"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_36_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/07853890.2018.1495337"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_37_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjmed.2020.05.012"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_38_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11239-020-02371-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_39_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ehjcvp\/pvaa134"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_40_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1055\/a-1730-8725"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_41_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.21037\/atm.2020.02.117"}],"container-title":["International Journal of Clinical Practice"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/downloads.hindawi.com\/journals\/ijclp\/2022\/7400860.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/downloads.hindawi.com\/journals\/ijclp\/2022\/7400860.xml","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1155\/2022\/7400860","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,11]],"date-time":"2025-09-11T09:05:42Z","timestamp":1757581542000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1155\/2022\/7400860"}},"subtitle":[],"editor":[{"given":"Ahmad","family":"Mansour","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"editor","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,1]]},"references-count":41,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,1]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1155\/2022\/7400860"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1155\/2022\/7400860","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1368-5031","1742-1241"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"1368-5031"},{"type":"electronic","value":"1742-1241"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,1]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2021-12-23","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2022-01-30","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2022-02-24","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}],"article-number":"7400860"}}