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Our study is aimed at investigating the mechanism by which electroacupuncture (EA) promoted nerve regeneration by regulating the release of exosomes and exosome\u2010mediated miRNA\u201021 (miR\u201021) transmission. Furthermore, the effects of Schwann cells\u2010 (SC\u2010) derived exosomes on the overexpression of miR\u201021 for the treatment of PNI were investigated. <jats:italic>Methods<\/jats:italic>. A sciatic nerve injury model of rat was constructed, and the expression of miR\u201021 in serum exosomes and damaged local nerves was detected using RT\u2010qPCR after EA treatment. The exosomes were identified under a transmission electron microscope and using western blotting analysis. Then, the exosome release inhibitor, GW4869, and the miR\u201021\u20105p\u2010sponge used for the knockdown of miR\u201021 were used to clarify the effects of exosomal miR\u201021 on nerve regeneration promoted by EA. The nerve conduction velocity recovery rate, sciatic nerve function index, and wet weight ratio of gastrocnemius muscle were determined to evaluate sciatic nerve function recovery. SC proliferation and the level of neurotrophic factors were assessed using immunofluorescence staining, and the expression levels of SPRY2 and miR\u201021 were detected using RT\u2010qPCR analysis. Subsequently, the transmission of exosomal miR\u201021 from SC to the axon was verified <jats:italic>in vitro<\/jats:italic>. Finally, the exosomes derived from the SC infected with the miR\u201021 overexpression lentivirus were collected and used to treat the rat SNI model to explore the therapeutic role of SC\u2010derived exosomes overexpressing miR\u201021. <jats:italic>Results<\/jats:italic>. We found that EA inhibited the release of serum exosomal miR\u201021 in a PNI model of rats during the early stage of PNI, while it promoted its release during later stages. EA enhanced the accumulation of miR\u201021 in the injured nerve and effectively promoted the recovery of nerve function after PNI. The treatment effect of EA was attenuated when the release of circulating exosomes was inhibited or when miR\u201021 was downregulated in local injury tissue via the miR\u201021\u20105p\u2010sponge. Normal exosomes secreted by SC exhibited the ability to promote the recovery of nerve function, while the overexpression of miR\u201021 enhanced the effects of the exosomes. In addition, exosomal miR\u201021 secreted by SC could promote neurite outgrowth <jats:italic>in vitro<\/jats:italic>. <jats:italic>Conclusion<\/jats:italic>. Our results demonstrated the mechanism of EA on PNI from the perspective of exosome\u2010mediated miR\u201021 transport and provided a theoretical basis for the use of exosomal miR\u201021 as a novel strategy for the treatment of PNI.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1155\/2022\/7530102","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,29]],"date-time":"2022-01-29T19:35:05Z","timestamp":1643484905000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":28,"title":["Exosome\u2010Mediated miR\u201021 Was Involved in the Promotion of Structural and Functional Recovery Effect Produced by Electroacupuncture in Sciatic Nerve Injury"],"prefix":"10.1155","volume":"2022","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9627-5724","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yu-pu","family":"Liu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3148-9537","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yi-duo","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3680-0945","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Fang-fang","family":"Mou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6117-1071","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jing","family":"Zhu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3089-9523","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Han","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7655-3627","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tian-tian","family":"Zhao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6531-2422","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yue","family":"Zhao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3901-2482","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Shui-jin","family":"Shao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6000-3017","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Guo-hong","family":"Cui","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9346-6819","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hai-dong","family":"Guo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_1_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2015\/941625"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms21103509"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7150\/thno.36790"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.24688"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7150\/thno.35436"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-018-26837-z"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1529-8027.2010.00260.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/jhsu.2003.50026"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4103\/0028-3886.55614"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_10_2","first-page":"79","article-title":"Epidemiology of traumatic peripheral nerve injuries evaluated by electrodiagnostic studies in a tertiary care hospital clinic","volume":"107","author":"Torres R. 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