{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,15]],"date-time":"2026-07-15T19:57:28Z","timestamp":1784145448445,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":44,"publisher":"Wiley","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,5]],"date-time":"2022-09-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1662336000000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"EU","award":["EURU-1613"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["EURU-1613"]}]},{"name":"EU","award":["USAD-1651"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["USAD-1651"]}]},{"name":"EU","award":["186\/12A"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["186\/12A"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000200","name":"United States Agency for International Development","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["EURU-1613"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["EURU-1613"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000200","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000200","name":"United States Agency for International Development","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["USAD-1651"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["USAD-1651"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000200","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000200","name":"United States Agency for International Development","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["186\/12A"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["186\/12A"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000200","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001694","name":"International Tropical Timber Organization","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["EURU-1613"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["EURU-1613"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001694","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001694","name":"International Tropical Timber Organization","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["USAD-1651"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["USAD-1651"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001694","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001694","name":"International Tropical Timber Organization","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["186\/12A"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["186\/12A"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001694","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["The Scientific World Journal"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>This study was conducted on Manoka Island (Littoral Region of Cameroon) with the aim of analyzing climate change vulnerability and local adaptation strategies based on the local community\u2019s perceptions and biophysical evidence. We used household surveys, focus group discussions, field observation, GIS, and remote sensing to collect data on variables of exposure, sensitivity, and adaptive capacity. Historical changes in rainfall and temperature, mangrove cover, and the occurrence of extreme climatic events were used as indicators of exposure. Property losses and income structure were used as indicators of sensitivity, while human, natural, social, financial, and physical assets represented adaptive capacity. 89 households were interviewed in the nine settlements of the island. Results show that Manoka Island is experiencing irregular rainfall patterns (with average annual values deviating from the mean by \u22121.9 to +1.8\u2009mm) and increasing temperature (with annual values deviating from the mean by \u22121.2 to +3.12). The dynamics of the coastline between 1975 and 2017 using EPR show average setbacks of more than \u00b13\u2009m\/year, with erosion levels varying depending on the period and location. The number of households perceiving extreme climatic events like seasonal variability, flood, and rain storm was higher. From respondents\u2019 perception, housing and health are the sectors most affected by climate change. The reported high dependence of households on fishing for income, their overall low livelihood diversification, and their poor access to climate information reported by 65% of respondents portray their poor adaptive capacity. Local response initiatives are ineffective and include among others constructing buildings on stilts and using car wheels to counter the advancement of seawater inland. The study concludes that households on Manoka Island are vulnerable to the impacts of climate change. Income diversification, mangrove reforestation, the development of sustainable supply chains for wood fuel, and sustainable fish smoking devices are the main pathways for adaptation planning in this area.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1155\/2022\/7546519","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,5]],"date-time":"2022-09-05T22:05:13Z","timestamp":1662415513000},"page":"1-14","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Climate Change Vulnerability Assessment in Mangrove-Dependent Communities of Manoka Island, Littoral Region of Cameroon"],"prefix":"10.1155","volume":"2022","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7860-466X","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Evariste","family":"Fongnzossie","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Advanced Teachers\u2019 Training College for Technical Education, The University of Douala, Cameroon"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Denis Jean","family":"Sonwa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for International Forestry Research (CIFOR), Yaound\u00e9, Cameroon"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Philippes","family":"Mbevo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Geography, Faculty of Arts, Letters and Social Sciences, The University of Yaound\u00e9 1, Yaound\u00e9, Cameroon"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fabrice","family":"Kentatchime","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"IBAY SUP\u2014HIES, High Institute of Environmental Sciences, Yaound\u00e9, Cameroon"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Aurelie","family":"Mokam","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"IBAY SUP\u2014HIES, High Institute of Environmental Sciences, Yaound\u00e9, Cameroon"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Claude","family":"Tatuebu Tagne","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for International Forestry Research (CIFOR), Yaound\u00e9, Cameroon"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lydie Flora Essamba A.","family":"Rim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for International Forestry Research (CIFOR), Yaound\u00e9, Cameroon"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","reference":[{"key":"1","volume-title":"Climate Change 2021 the Physical Science Basis","author":"IPCC","year":"2021"},{"key":"2","volume-title":"State Of the Climate in Africa 2019","author":"WMO","year":"2020"},{"key":"3","volume-title":"World Mangrove Atlas","author":"M. Spalding","year":"1997"},{"key":"4","first-page":"289","article-title":"Coastal zones and small islands","volume-title":"Climate Change 1995: Impacts, Adaptations and Mitigation of Climate Change: Scientific-Technical Analyses","author":"L. Bijlsma","year":"1995"},{"key":"5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11069-021-04879-3"},{"key":"6","volume-title":"Mangrove Forest Management Guidelines","author":"FAO","year":"1994"},{"key":"7","first-page":"16","article-title":"Les d\u00e9fis et perspectives de la formulation d\u2019une m\u00e9thodologie communautaire g\u00e9n\u00e9ralisable pour \u00e9valuer la vuln\u00e9rabilit\u00e9 et l\u2019adaptation des \u00e9cosyst\u00e8mes de mangrove aux impacts du changement climatique: exp\u00e9rience du Cameroun","volume":"24","author":"G. Ajonina","year":"2009","journal-title":"Nature & Faune"},{"key":"8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.seares.2012.03.002"},{"key":"9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ehs2.1211"},{"key":"10","volume-title":"Mangroves of West Africa, UNEP-WCMC Biodiversity Series 26","author":"UNEP-WCMC","year":"2007"},{"key":"11","volume-title":"Les mangroves du Cameroun: \u00c9tat des lieux et gestion","author":"MINEPDED","year":"2018","edition":"2nd"},{"key":"12","unstructured":"Dzalla Ngangu\u00e9G. C.Mangrove de l\u2019estuaire du wouri: enjeux de l\u2019anthropisation d\u2019un \u00e9cosyst\u00e8me humide tropical et impacts environnementaux2013Douala, CameroonUniversit\u00e9 de Douala446pDoctoral thesis"},{"key":"13","volume-title":"Analyse Par T\u00e9l\u00e9d\u00e9tection de la Vuln\u00e9rabilit\u00e9 de la R\u00e9serve de Mangrove de Mabe Face aux Changements Climatiques, Entre 1986 et 2014","author":"P. Mbevo Fendoung","year":"2017"},{"key":"14","volume-title":"Rapport de l\u2019\u00e9tude de base sur l\u2019utilisation du bois \u00e9nergie de mangrove","author":"CAM-ECO","year":"2019"},{"key":"15","volume-title":"Cartographie de L\u2019occupation\/Utilisation Des Sols en vue de R\u00e9duire L\u2019empreinte Carbone du Combustible \u00c9nergie sur l\u2019\u00eele de Manoka (Cameroun)","author":"C. Tatuebu Tagne","year":"2020"},{"key":"16","unstructured":"MboufackC. B.Analyse par t\u00e9l\u00e9d\u00e9tection de la dynamique de l\u2019occupation du sol entre 1986 et 2017 dans la zone de Douala-Edea et identification des sites potentiels de mangroves \u00e0 reboiser2020Yaound\u00e9, CameroonUniversit\u00e9 de Yaound\u00e9Master thesis"},{"key":"17","volume-title":"The Economic Impact of Climate Change on Agriculture in Cameroon","author":"E. L. Molua","year":"2007"},{"key":"18","article-title":"Vuln\u00e9rabilit\u00e9 et adaptation des populations de cap Cameroun aux risques naturels","volume-title":"Construire la ville portuaire de demain en Afrique Atlantique","author":"P. Mbevo Fendoung","year":"2019"},{"key":"19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envdev.2012.10.002"},{"key":"20","volume-title":"Gestion des risques naturels sur le littoral camerounais: cas de l\u2019\u00e9rosion c\u00f4ti\u00e8re \u00e0 Cap Cameroun et \u00e0 Kribi. M\u00e9moire de Master de sp\u00e9cialisation en Gestion des risques et catastrophes","author":"P. Mbevo Fendoung","year":"2019"},{"key":"21","article-title":"Evolution du trait de cote de la fa\u00e7ade sud de l\u2019ile de Cap Cameroun dans l\u2019estuaire du Wouri (Cameroun)","author":"Y. 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Drejza","year":"2014"},{"key":"41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.landusepol.2017.12.024"},{"key":"42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.landusepol.2018.08.018"},{"key":"43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11356-019-06878-1"},{"key":"44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/agriculture11121230"}],"container-title":["The Scientific World Journal"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/downloads.hindawi.com\/journals\/tswj\/2022\/7546519.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/downloads.hindawi.com\/journals\/tswj\/2022\/7546519.xml","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/downloads.hindawi.com\/journals\/tswj\/2022\/7546519.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,5]],"date-time":"2022-09-05T22:05:41Z","timestamp":1662415541000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.hindawi.com\/journals\/tswj\/2022\/7546519\/"}},"subtitle":[],"editor":[{"given":"Richard A.","family":"Smith","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"editor"}]}],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,5]]},"references-count":44,"alternative-id":["7546519","7546519"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1155\/2022\/7546519","relation":{},"ISSN":["1537-744X","2356-6140"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1537-744X","type":"electronic"},{"value":"2356-6140","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,5]]}}}