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Connexin 43 (Cx43) is related to the maintenance of T lymphocyte homeostasis. Various preclinical researches have reported that estrogen is a renoprotective agent based on its anti-inflammatory potential. The present research is aimed at studying the role of T lymphocytes activated by Cx43 in 17\u03b2-estradiol-mediated protection against renal IRI. Female rats were classified into six groups: control rats, I\/R rats, ovariectomized rats, ovariectomized I\/R rats, and ovariectomized rats treated with 17\u03b2-estradiol or gap27. Levels of serum creatinine (Scr) and blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and Paller scoring were dramatically increased in I\/R rats, especially in ovariectomized rats. By contrast, these indicators were markedly decreased by administering estradiol or gap27. Immunofluorescence staining revealed that CD4+ T cells infiltrated kidney tissues in the early stage of IRI. In both peripheral blood and renal tissue, the proportion of CD3+CD4+ T cells and ratio of CD4+ to CD8+ were high in I\/R rats, especially in ovariectomized rats. The proportion of CD3+CD8+ T cells was low in peripheral blood but high in renal tissues. Administration of estrogen or Gap27 reversed these effects. IL-17 levels in both serum and tissue homogenate were significantly increased in ovariectomized rats subjected to I\/R but significantly decreased in estrogen or gap 27 treated rats. The opposite trend was observed for IL-10 levels. Correlation analysis demonstrated that IL-17 was correlated positively with BUN, Scr, and Paller scores, while IL-10 was negatively correlated with these indicators. Western blot showed that Cx43 expression was markedly increased in the peripheral blood T lymphocytes of I\/R rats, especially ovariectomized rats. After intervention with estrogen and gap27, Cx43 expression was significantly downregulated. These findings indicate that Cx43 may participate in the regulation of Th17\/Treg balance by estrogen against renal IRI.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1155\/2022\/7812099","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,6]],"date-time":"2022-10-06T18:50:41Z","timestamp":1665082241000},"page":"1-14","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":21,"title":["Estrogen Protects against Renal Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury by Regulating Th17\/Treg Cell Immune Balance"],"prefix":"10.1155","volume":"2022","author":[{"given":"Yang","family":"Zhang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Center of Neuroscience, Jiaxing University Medical College, Jiaxing, 314001 Zhejiang, China"},{"name":"Department of Physiology, Shihezi University Medical College, Shihezi, 832002 Xinjiang, China"},{"name":"Department of Anesthesiology, Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University, Guhuai Road, Jining, 272000 Shandong, 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