{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,11]],"date-time":"2026-09-11T02:15:40Z","timestamp":1789092940407,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":21,"publisher":"Wiley","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,24]],"date-time":"2022-01-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1642982400000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Journal of Ophthalmology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,24]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Purpose. To evaluate the role of medical treatment and assessing its effect on resolving epiphora and improving punctum size by high resolution AS-OCT imaging comparing punctal parameters in patients before and after treatment with topical combined antibiotic and steroid treatment in cases of inflammatory punctual stenosis. Patients and Methods. Double-blinded controlled randomized study which was conducted on two groups of patients who had acquired punctal stenosis and epiphora presented to Ophthalmology Clinics of Sohag University Hospitals in the period between Jan 2021 and April 2021. The study included 44 eyes of 50 subjects complaining of epiphora. They were divided into two groups, the epiphora group one (EG1) received eye drops containing combination of antibiotics and steroids (orchadexoline eye drops, each ml contains 5\u2009mg chloramphenicol, 1\u2009mg dexamethasone sodium phosphate, 0.25\u2009mg tetryzoline hydrochloride, 2\u2009mg hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose, 10\u2009mg \u03b1-tocopherol acetate (vitamin E), and 8\u2009mg macrogol 400), 5 times daily for the first week, three times daily for the next two weeks, and one time daily for another one week. The second epiphora group (EG2) received preservative-free artificial tears (sodium hyaluronate-, polyethylene-, and propylene glycol-based), three times daily for four weeks. The patients were examined before treatment, one week, one month, and one and half months later. Results. Both groups were comparable regarding mean age (49\u2009\u00b1\u200913 vs 53\u2009\u00b1\u200911\u2009years, <jats:inline-formula>\n                     <a:math xmlns:a=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M1\">\n                        <a:mi>P<\/a:mi>\n                     <\/a:math>\n                  <\/jats:inline-formula> value\u2009=\u20090.2) and sex (males were 38.6% vs 31.8%, female were 61.4% vs 68.2%, <jats:inline-formula>\n                     <c:math xmlns:c=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M2\">\n                        <c:mi>P<\/c:mi>\n                     <\/c:math>\n                  <\/jats:inline-formula> value\u2009=\u20090.6), respectively, with no statistically significant difference between both groups. Both groups were comparable regarding outer punctual diameter and length between the puncti before treatment. Outer punctal diameters were (EG1 228\u2009\u00b1\u2009113\u2009um, EG2 241\u2009\u00b1\u2009115\u2009um, <jats:inline-formula>\n                     <e:math xmlns:e=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M3\">\n                        <e:mi>P<\/e:mi>\n                     <\/e:math>\n                  <\/jats:inline-formula> value\u2009=\u20090.5). Length between the puncti were (EG1 129\u2009\u00b1\u200973\u2009um, EG2 137\u2009\u00b1\u200972\u2009um, <jats:inline-formula>\n                     <g:math xmlns:g=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M4\">\n                        <g:mi>P<\/g:mi>\n                     <\/g:math>\n                  <\/jats:inline-formula> value\u2009=\u20090.6). There was marked improvement of the outer punctual diameter (EG1 373\u2009um\u2009\u00b1\u200992\u2009um, EG2 240\u2009\u00b1\u2009109\u2009um, (<jats:inline-formula>\n                     <i:math xmlns:i=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M5\">\n                        <i:mi>P<\/i:mi>\n                     <\/i:math>\n                  <\/jats:inline-formula> value\u2009&lt;\u20090.0001) and length between the puncti (EG1 217\u2009\u00b1\u2009109\u2009um, 136\u2009\u00b1\u200971\u2009um (<jats:inline-formula>\n                     <k:math xmlns:k=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M6\">\n                        <k:mi>P<\/k:mi>\n                     <\/k:math>\n                  <\/jats:inline-formula> value\u2009&lt;\u20090.0002)) during the follow-up period. EG1 showed more improvement than EG2 when compared during the follow-up period. Conclusions. Topical combined antibiotic and steroid treatment was an effective method in treating cases of inflammatory punctual stenosis as found by monitoring of punctal parameter changes by AS-OCT. AS-OCT was found to be a useful method for evaluation of the lacrimal punctal parameters especially with different treatment modalities in epiphora cases.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1155\/2022\/7988091","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,25]],"date-time":"2022-01-25T04:20:26Z","timestamp":1643084426000},"page":"1-7","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Changes of Lacrimal Puncta by Anterior Segment Optical Coherence Tomography after Topical Combined Antibiotic and Steroid Treatment in Cases of Inflammatory Punctual Stenosis"],"prefix":"10.1155","volume":"2022","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8111-8366","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Islam","family":"Awny","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Sohag Faculty of Medicine, Ophthalmology Department, Sohag University, Sohag, Egypt"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6989-7483","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Elshimaa A. Mateen","family":"Mossa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Sohag Faculty of Medicine, Ophthalmology Department, Sohag University, Sohag, Egypt"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tasneem Mohammed","family":"Bakheet","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Sohag Faculty of Medicine, Public Health and Community Medicine Department, Sohag University, Sohag, Egypt"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9601-8154","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Hany","family":"Mahmoud","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Sohag Faculty of Medicine, Ophthalmology Department, Sohag University, Sohag, Egypt"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9682-671X","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Amr","family":"Mounir","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Sohag Faculty of Medicine, Ophthalmology Department, Sohag University, Sohag, Egypt"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","reference":[{"key":"1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3341\/kjo.2016.0129"},{"key":"2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2147\/OPTH.S31904"},{"key":"3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2147\/opth.s31904"},{"key":"4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.eye.6701415"},{"key":"5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.sjopt.2015.04.001"},{"key":"6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/b978-0-12-386456-7.01808-6"},{"key":"7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4103\/0974-9233.92117"},{"key":"8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00002341-198804040-00006"},{"key":"9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.opx.0000236810.17338.cf"},{"key":"10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/aos.13322"},{"key":"11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1755-3768.2011.02183.x"},{"key":"12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/112067210801800401"},{"key":"13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1148\/radiology.177.3.2243969"},{"key":"14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/iop.0000000000000204"},{"key":"15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archopht.1994.01090240090031"},{"key":"16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/aos.12906"},{"key":"17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/01676830.2014.949793"},{"key":"18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.18240\/ijo.2020.07.09"},{"key":"19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/diagnostics10080589"},{"key":"20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2147\/opth.s255979"},{"key":"21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7150\/ijms.58291"}],"container-title":["Journal of Ophthalmology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/downloads.hindawi.com\/journals\/joph\/2022\/7988091.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/downloads.hindawi.com\/journals\/joph\/2022\/7988091.xml","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/downloads.hindawi.com\/journals\/joph\/2022\/7988091.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,25]],"date-time":"2022-01-25T04:20:29Z","timestamp":1643084429000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.hindawi.com\/journals\/joph\/2022\/7988091\/"}},"subtitle":[],"editor":[{"given":"Karim","family":"Mohamed Noriega","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"editor"}]}],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,24]]},"references-count":21,"alternative-id":["7988091","7988091"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1155\/2022\/7988091","relation":{},"ISSN":["2090-0058","2090-004X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2090-0058","type":"electronic"},{"value":"2090-004X","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,24]]}}}