{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,12]],"date-time":"2026-05-12T03:34:10Z","timestamp":1778556850566,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":48,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,28]],"date-time":"2022-01-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1643328000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":27,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["BioMed Research International"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p><jats:italic>Purpose<\/jats:italic>. The contributory factors and symptoms for presbyopia progression have not been fully determined. The purpose of the study was to compare presbyopia progression in subjects with short and normal tear breakup time and to explore the severity of common ocular symptoms associated with presbyopia progression. <jats:italic>Method<\/jats:italic>. We conducted a clinic\u2010based, retrospective, cross\u2010sectional study. Inclusion criteria were bilateral phakic patients aged 40\u201369 years with best\u2010corrected distance visual acuity better than 20\/30, and exclusion criteria were the use of glaucoma eye drops, any disease affecting vision, or history of ocular surgery. We measured the binocular near add power and compared the results using Kaplan\u2010Meier analysis. Association between near add power and ocular symptoms was explored. <jats:italic>Results<\/jats:italic>. There were 1411 participants (mean age of 50.1 years). There were no significant differences in age, intraocular pressure, spherical equivalent, astigmatism, or anisometropia between the sexes. Kaplan\u2010Meier analysis indicated that women with short tear breakup time reached the endpoint (near add power of +3.00\u2009D) significantly earlier than those with normal tear breakup time (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> = 0.043; Cox\u2010Mantel test). Eye fatigue was most severe in the group with an add power of 1.25\u20102.00\u2009D. Near add power was correlated with hyperopia, astigmatic errors, and anisometropia. <jats:italic>Conclusions<\/jats:italic>. This study suggests an exacerbation of presbyopia progression in women with short tear breakup time. Eye fatigue was most severe in those with an add power of 1.25\u20102.00\u2009D.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1155\/2022\/8159669","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,28]],"date-time":"2022-01-28T14:35:09Z","timestamp":1643380509000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["Short Tear Breakup Time Could Exacerbate the Progression of Presbyopia in Women"],"prefix":"10.1155","volume":"2022","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9481-0164","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Masahiko","family":"Ayaki","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2892-9810","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kazuno","family":"Negishi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_1_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9394(22)90793-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S2214-109X(20)30425-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archopht.126.12.1731"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2015.04.014"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2018.04.013"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjophth-2020-000453"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2147\/OPTH.S269597"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0151094"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4103\/0300-1652.170379"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/aos.12308"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0250087"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1167\/iovs.12-9791"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm9082678"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_14_2","volume-title":"Accommodation and Near Vision. 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