{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,1]],"date-time":"2026-08-01T11:21:12Z","timestamp":1785583272116,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":26,"publisher":"Wiley","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,24]],"date-time":"2022-03-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1648080000000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100015034","name":"Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["6590"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["6590"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100015034","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sleep Disorders"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,24]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Background and Objective. Patients with cardiovascular problems experience sleep disorders. Due to the importance of adequate sleep and rest for the growth and repair of damaged cells, it is necessary to use appropriate interventions to improve it. This study determined the effect of sleep intervention programs during cardiac rehabilitation on patients\u2019 sleep quality. Materials and Methods. In this quasi-experimental study with unequal control group design, 35 individuals participated in the cardiac rehabilitation program as the experimental group and 35 served as the control group. The program included 12 weeks of exercise, 3 sessions per week, 3 sessions of training programs each lasting for 45 minutes, and a special two-session sleep improvement program. Data were collected using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index and analysed with descriptive and inferential statistical methods. Results. There were not any significant differences between the two groups in age, sex, marital status, smoking, and indication for cardiac rehabilitation (<jats:inline-formula>\n                     <a:math xmlns:a=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M1\">\n                        <a:mi>P<\/a:mi>\n                        <a:mo>&gt;<\/a:mo>\n                        <a:mn>0.05<\/a:mn>\n                     <\/a:math>\n                  <\/jats:inline-formula>). The scores of sleep quality of patients were <jats:inline-formula>\n                     <c:math xmlns:c=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M2\">\n                        <c:mn>9.2<\/c:mn>\n                        <c:mo>\u00b1<\/c:mo>\n                        <c:mn>1.58<\/c:mn>\n                     <\/c:math>\n                  <\/jats:inline-formula> before and <jats:inline-formula>\n                     <e:math xmlns:e=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M3\">\n                        <e:mn>4.40<\/e:mn>\n                        <e:mo>\u00b1<\/e:mo>\n                        <e:mn>1.14<\/e:mn>\n                     <\/e:math>\n                  <\/jats:inline-formula> after intervention in the experimental group and <jats:inline-formula>\n                     <g:math xmlns:g=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M4\">\n                        <g:mn>9.02<\/g:mn>\n                        <g:mo>\u00b1<\/g:mo>\n                        <g:mn>2.56<\/g:mn>\n                     <\/g:math>\n                  <\/jats:inline-formula> before and <jats:inline-formula>\n                     <i:math xmlns:i=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M5\">\n                        <i:mn>7.48<\/i:mn>\n                        <i:mo>\u00b1<\/i:mo>\n                        <i:mn>1.86<\/i:mn>\n                     <\/i:math>\n                  <\/jats:inline-formula> after intervention in the control group. There was no significant difference between the two groups before intervention (<jats:inline-formula>\n                     <k:math xmlns:k=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M6\">\n                        <k:mi>P<\/k:mi>\n                        <k:mo>=<\/k:mo>\n                        <k:mn>0.73<\/k:mn>\n                     <\/k:math>\n                  <\/jats:inline-formula>). yet there was a significant difference after intervention (<jats:inline-formula>\n                     <m:math xmlns:m=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M7\">\n                        <m:mi>P<\/m:mi>\n                        <m:mo>=<\/m:mo>\n                        <m:mn>0.0001<\/m:mn>\n                     <\/m:math>\n                  <\/jats:inline-formula>). In addition, scores of sleep quality of patients were significantly different in the experimental and control groups before and after intervention (<jats:inline-formula>\n                     <o:math xmlns:o=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M8\">\n                        <o:mi>P<\/o:mi>\n                        <o:mo>=<\/o:mo>\n                        <o:mn>0.0001<\/o:mn>\n                     <\/o:math>\n                  <\/jats:inline-formula>). Conclusion. Findings indicated that the quality of sleep of cardiac patients improved after the sleep intervention program during the cardiac rehabilitation program. Therefore, it is suggested to implement sleep improvement programs for cardiac patient care as an effective, easy, and feasible technique. In addition, it is necessary to pay more attention to the sleep improvement program in cardiac rehabilitation. Trial Registration. The trial was retrospectively registered on https:\/\/en.irct.ir\/trial\/50799 on 14 September 2020 (14.09.2020) with registration number IRCT20140307016870N6.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1155\/2022\/8269799","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,24]],"date-time":"2022-03-24T23:20:40Z","timestamp":1648164040000},"page":"1-7","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":13,"title":["Effect of Sleep Intervention Programs during Cardiac Rehabilitation on the Sleep Quality of Heart Patients"],"prefix":"10.1155","volume":"2022","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7885-5832","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Fatemeh","family":"Ghane","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Critical Care Nursing, Department of Nursing, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences Campus, Yazd, Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5084-2770","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Mahdieh","family":"Ghanbari Firoozabadi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Yazd Cardiovascular Research Center, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5757-182X","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Farzan","family":"Madadizadeh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Healthcare Data Modeling, Departments of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3600-9456","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Khadijeh","family":"Nasiriani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nursing, Research Centre for Nursing and Midwifery Care, Mother and Newbern Health Research Centre, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","reference":[{"key":"1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/acm.2019.0222"},{"key":"2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.29252\/qums.12.6.29"},{"key":"3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejcnurse.2009.12.003"},{"issue":"5","key":"4","first-page":"430","article-title":"The relationship between sleep quantity and quality and the incidence of diabetes mellitus","volume":"19","author":"M. Mirzaei","year":"2015","journal-title":"Feyz Journal of Kashan University of Medical Sciences"},{"key":"5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.sleep.2019.08.014"},{"issue":"2","key":"6","first-page":"18","article-title":"Heart failure is one of the most common cardiovascular disorders. In this disease heart is disable to perfusion","volume":"8","author":"M. Moradi","year":"2013","journal-title":"Iranian Journal of Nursing Research"},{"key":"7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jbmt.2010.07.009"},{"key":"8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jsr.12607"},{"key":"9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2869.2010.00874.x"},{"key":"10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5664\/jcsm.8124"},{"key":"11","volume-title":"Braunwald's Heart Disease E-Book: A Textbook of Cardiovascular Medicine","author":"D. P. Zipes","year":"2018"},{"issue":"2","key":"12","first-page":"132","article-title":"Effect of a cardiac rehabilitation program on clinical and paraclinical findings of patients with ischemic heart disease","volume":"17","author":"F. Raygan","year":"2013","journal-title":"KAUMS Journal (FEYZ)"},{"key":"13","volume-title":"Development and Usability Testing of an Ehealth Sleep Intervention Program for Youth","author":"J. Mugford","year":"2019"},{"key":"14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/sleep\/zsx079"},{"issue":"2","key":"15","first-page":"95","article-title":"The correlation between restless leg syndrome and sleep disorders among hospitalized patients with acute coronary syndrome","volume":"8","author":"E. Sepahvand","year":"2015","journal-title":"Iranian Journal of Critical Care Nursing"},{"key":"16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5761\/atcs.oa.15-00275"},{"key":"17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0165-1781(89)90047-4"},{"issue":"4","key":"18","first-page":"61","article-title":"Modification of environmental factors on quality of sleep among patients admitted to CCU Hayat","volume":"18","author":"M. Zolfaghari","year":"2013","journal-title":"Hayat"},{"key":"19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2869.2007.00568.x"},{"key":"20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.sleep.2010.04.020"},{"issue":"2","key":"21","first-page":"8","article-title":"Acupoint massage in improving sleep quality of older adults","volume":"9","author":"R. Hosseinabadi","year":"2008","journal-title":"Archives of Rehabilitation"},{"key":"22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/HCR.0000000000000054"},{"key":"23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jjcc.2018.12.015"},{"key":"24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.18869\/acadpub.mcs.1.2.99"},{"key":"25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/JCN.0000000000000476"},{"key":"26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.21203\/rs.3.rs-147742\/v1","article-title":"Effect of sleep intervention programs on the quality of sleep of patients in cardiac rehabilitation center","author":"F. Ghaneh","year":"2021"}],"container-title":["Sleep Disorders"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/downloads.hindawi.com\/journals\/sd\/2022\/8269799.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/downloads.hindawi.com\/journals\/sd\/2022\/8269799.xml","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/downloads.hindawi.com\/journals\/sd\/2022\/8269799.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,24]],"date-time":"2022-03-24T23:20:51Z","timestamp":1648164051000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.hindawi.com\/journals\/sd\/2022\/8269799\/"}},"subtitle":[],"editor":[{"given":"Liborio","family":"Parrino","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"editor"}]}],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,24]]},"references-count":26,"alternative-id":["8269799","8269799"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1155\/2022\/8269799","relation":{},"ISSN":["2090-3553","2090-3545"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2090-3553","type":"electronic"},{"value":"2090-3545","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,24]]}}}