{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,17]],"date-time":"2026-06-17T16:38:36Z","timestamp":1781714316997,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":27,"publisher":"Wiley","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,12]],"date-time":"2022-07-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1657584000000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100013041","name":"Vice-Chancellor for Research, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["18417"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["18417"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100013041","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Journal of Parasitology Research"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Intellectually disabled individuals are more prone to parasitic infections due to their unusual behaviors, immune and nutrient deficiencies, and living conditions. The current study is aimed at evaluating the prevalence of intestinal parasites in institutionalized intellectually disabled individuals in Bandar Abbas County in the south of Iran. Subjects of the study were 119 individuals, living in an intellectually disabled individual care center. Demographic features of the subjects including age, sex, intellectual disability type, and duration of their stay in the center were recorded. A stool sample was taken from each subject and evaluated by direct wet mount and formalin-ethyl-acetate concentration methods. Samples were also examined, using trichrome and modified acid-fast permanent staining. The mean age of the subjects was 27.6 (\u00b12.24), ranging from 4 to 60 years old. Of the 119 participants, 55 (46.2%) were male, and 64 cases (53.8%) were female. Overall, 31 individuals (26.1%, 95% CI: 18.4-34.9) were found to be infected with at least one type of intestinal parasite. Blastocystis hominis, as the most common detected parasite, was detected in 13 (10.1%), Entamoeba coli in 12 (10.1%), Giardia lamblia in 5 (4.2%), Cryptosporidium in 2 (1.7%), Iodamoeba butchlii in 2 (1.7%), and Endolimax nana in 1 (0.8%) of participants. Three cases had coinfection with Blastocystis hominis and Entamoeba coli, one case was infected with Blastocystis hominis and Giardia lamblia, and one case was coinfected with Giardia lamblia and Entamoeba coli. There were no statistically significant associations between intestinal parasitic infection and gender, age, type of intellectual disability, or duration of stay in the care center (<jats:inline-formula>\n                     <a:math xmlns:a=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M1\">\n                        <a:mi>P<\/a:mi>\n                        <a:mo>&gt;<\/a:mo>\n                        <a:mn>0.05<\/a:mn>\n                     <\/a:math>\n                  <\/jats:inline-formula>). The findings of the present study indicate a relatively high prevalence of parasitic infections in people with intellectual disabilities in Bandar Abbas, southern Iran. Noteworthy is the high prevalence of Blastocyst and also the presence of Cryptosporidium infection in these people. Periodic treatment of these people and improvement of their maintenance conditions can be considered for the prevention and control of intestinal parasitic infection in these people.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1155\/2022\/8406636","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,12]],"date-time":"2022-07-12T20:20:09Z","timestamp":1657657209000},"page":"1-6","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Intestinal Parasitic Infections among Intellectually Disabled Individuals in Bandar Abbas County, Southern Iran"],"prefix":"10.1155","volume":"2022","author":[{"given":"Abbas","family":"Pakmehr","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Parasitology and Mycology, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5065-5249","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Mostafa","family":"Omidian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Parasitology and Mycology, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4888-7144","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Habibollah","family":"Turki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Infectious and Tropical Diseases Research Center, Hormozgan Health Institute, Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences, Bandar Abbas, Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2719-5242","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Mohammad","family":"Fararouei","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"HIV\/AIDS Research Center, Department of Epidemiology, School of Health, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2045-9057","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Bahador","family":"Sarkari","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Parasitology and Mycology, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran"},{"name":"Basic Sciences in Infectious Diseases Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","reference":[{"issue":"4","key":"1","first-page":"387","article-title":"Human intestinal parasites","volume":"25","author":"R. Haque","year":"2007","journal-title":"Journal of health, population, and nutrition."},{"key":"2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1098\/rspb.2010.0973"},{"key":"3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/20469047.2018.1479055"},{"key":"4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1473-3099(15)00349-7"},{"key":"5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2174\/1871526518666181022103750"},{"issue":"2","key":"6","first-page":"259","article-title":"Prevalence of intestinal parasitic infection among Thai people with mental handicaps","volume":"34","author":"C. Sirivichayakul","year":"2003","journal-title":"Southeast Asian Journal of Tropical Medicine and Public Health."},{"key":"7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.18502\/ijpa.v14i2.1145"},{"key":"8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2017\/5651717"},{"key":"9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2021\/2771837"},{"issue":"4","key":"10","first-page":"527","article-title":"Prevalence of Strongyloides stercoralis and other intestinal parasites among institutionalized mentally disabled individuals in Rasht, northern Iran","volume":"11","author":"A. Saeidinia","year":"2016","journal-title":"Iranian Journal of Parasitology"},{"key":"11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13099-021-00424-6"},{"key":"12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11686-021-00360-0"},{"key":"13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00436-017-5535-6"},{"key":"14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12879-016-2047-4"},{"key":"15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13104-020-05118-x"},{"key":"16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cimid.2020.101529"},{"key":"17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S2221-1691(11)60198-6"},{"key":"18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ridd.2010.03.001"},{"issue":"2","key":"19","first-page":"60","article-title":"Prevalence of intestinal parasitic infections among mentally disabled children and adults of Urmia, Iran","volume":"5","author":"K. H. Tappeh","year":"2010","journal-title":"Iranian Journal of Parasitology"},{"issue":"4","key":"20","article-title":"Intestinal parasitic infections among mentally handicapped individuals in Alexandria, Egypt","volume":"61","author":"A. I. Shehata","year":"2015","journal-title":"Annals of Parasitology"},{"key":"21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mehy.2018.04.006"},{"key":"22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jcp.27828"},{"key":"23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.parint.2016.05.015"},{"issue":"3","key":"24","first-page":"505","article-title":"The possible link between intestinal parasites and irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) in Diyala Province, Iraq","volume":"67","author":"W. F. Wadi","year":"2021","journal-title":"Annals of Parasitology"},{"key":"25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.micpath.2021.105215"},{"key":"26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1179\/136485908X300805"},{"issue":"11","key":"27","first-page":"1520","article-title":"Epidemiology of human fascioliasis and intestinal helminthes in rural areas of Boyer-Ahmad township, Southwest Iran; a population based study","volume":"44","author":"G. Hosseini","year":"2015","journal-title":"Iranian Journal of Public Health"}],"container-title":["Journal of Parasitology Research"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/downloads.hindawi.com\/journals\/jpr\/2022\/8406636.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/downloads.hindawi.com\/journals\/jpr\/2022\/8406636.xml","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/downloads.hindawi.com\/journals\/jpr\/2022\/8406636.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,12]],"date-time":"2022-07-12T20:20:17Z","timestamp":1657657217000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.hindawi.com\/journals\/jpr\/2022\/8406636\/"}},"subtitle":[],"editor":[{"given":"Eric Agola","family":"Lelo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"editor"}]}],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,12]]},"references-count":27,"alternative-id":["8406636","8406636"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1155\/2022\/8406636","relation":{},"ISSN":["2090-0031","2090-0023"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2090-0031","type":"electronic"},{"value":"2090-0023","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,12]]}}}