{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,20]],"date-time":"2026-10-20T05:26:54Z","timestamp":1792474014635,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":96,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,22]],"date-time":"2022-01-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1642809600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":21,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["82173421"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["82173421"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["82073456"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["82073456"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["81872544"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["81872544"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Vitiligo is a common chronic acquired pigmentation disorder characterized by loss of pigmentation. Among various hypotheses proposed for the pathogenesis of vitiligo, oxidative stress\u2010induced immune response that ultimately leads to melanocyte death remains most widely accepted. Oxidative stress which causes elevated levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) can lead to dysfunction of molecules and organelles, triggering further immune response, and ultimately melanocyte death. In recent years, a variety of cell death modes have been studied, including apoptosis, autophagy and autophagic cell death, ferroptosis, and other novel modes of death, which will be discussed in this review in detail. Oxidative stress is also strongly linked to these modes of death. Under oxidative stress, ROS could induce autophagy by activating the Nrf2 antioxidant pathway of melanocytes. However, persistent stimulation of ROS might eventually lead to excessive activation of Nrf2 antioxidant pathway, which in turn will inactivate autophagy. Moreover, ferroptosis may be triggered by oxidative\u2010related transcriptional production, including ARE, the positive feedback loop related to p62, and the reduced activity and expression of GPX4. Therefore, it is reasonable to infer that these modes of death are involved in the oxidative stress response, and that oxidative stress also acts as an initiator for various modes of death through some complex mechanisms. In this study, we aim to summarize the role of oxidative stress in vitiligo and discuss the corresponding mechanisms of interaction between various modes of cell death and oxidative stress. These findings may provide new ideas for exploring the pathogenesis and potential therapeutic targets of vitiligo.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1155\/2022\/8498472","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,22]],"date-time":"2022-01-22T20:20:28Z","timestamp":1642882828000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":131,"title":["The Role of Oxidative Stress in the Pathogenesis of Vitiligo: A Culprit for Melanocyte Death"],"prefix":"10.1155","volume":"2022","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2764-563X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yijie","family":"Xuan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0145-7283","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yiwen","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2080-0550","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Leihong","family":"Xiang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1302-5667","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Chengfeng","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_1_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-4632.2011.05377.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jdermsci.2015.09.003"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5021\/ad.2019.31.4.393"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2015\/631927"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586-021-04221-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrdp.2015.11"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-immunol-100919-023531"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jid.2020.06.004"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fcell.2021.739413"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/pcmr.12955"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/jid.2014.65"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2019\/2841814"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.14573\/altex.1808201"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3892\/etm.2020.8590"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jdermsci.2015.06.009"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1468-3083.2010.03876.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2005.02.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jcp.22027"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/physrev.00010.2014"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/pcmr.12878"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/srep42394"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/jid.2014.152"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.jid.5700340"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_24_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/10715762.2017.1402303"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_25_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00403-017-1746-z"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_26_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1373\/clinchem.2005.061408"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_27_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.freeradbiomed.2013.01.009"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_28_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0059782"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_29_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arr.2019.100981"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_30_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jb\/mvz055"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_31_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.0022-202X.2004.22230.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_32_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.jid.5700538"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_33_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-017-13961-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_34_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1096\/fj.201701242RR"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_35_2","article-title":"Endoplasmic reticulum stress pathway, the unfolded protein response, modulates immune function in the tumor microenvironment to impact tumor progression and therapeutic response","volume":"21","author":"Ramirez M. U.","year":"2020","journal-title":"International Journal of Molecular Sciences"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_36_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.molcel.2017.06.017"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_37_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1083\/jcb.200907074"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_38_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M502181200"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_39_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fonc.2015.00007"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_40_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/pcmr.12208"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_41_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/ced.12664"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_42_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.freeradbiomed.2014.11.009"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_43_2","first-page":"5196","article-title":"Identification of nrf2-regulated genes induced by the chemopreventive agent sulforaphane by oligonucleotide microarray","volume":"62","author":"Thimmulappa R. K.","year":"2002","journal-title":"Cancer Research"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_44_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-pharmtox-011112-140320"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_45_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jnutbio.2015.08.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_46_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41420-020-0266-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_47_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jcmm.12874"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_48_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/jid.2010.201"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_49_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jid.2017.01.020"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_50_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jcmm.12812"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_51_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2016\/3401570"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_52_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.freeradbiomed.2019.05.011"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_53_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/cdd.2015.117"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_54_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jcmm.13895"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_55_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/exd.12017"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_56_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M201460200"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_57_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.freeradbiomed.2018.08.022"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_58_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.freeradbiomed.2012.04.015"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_59_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-019-09963-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_60_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2016.10.044"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_61_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/exd.14053"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_62_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41580-018-0003-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_63_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4161\/auto.21212"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_64_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2009.05.023"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_65_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2018.02707"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_66_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41419-021-03592-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_67_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jdermsci.2014.12.006"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_68_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrm2529"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_69_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41418-018-0252-y"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_70_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/13685538.2020.1806814"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_71_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2012.03.042"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_72_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.redox.2019.101107"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_73_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/bjd.12691"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_74_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/cddis.2015.240"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_75_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2019\/3809308"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_76_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/jid.2013.165"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_77_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/cancers11101415"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_78_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jid.2021.11.007"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_79_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ncb2021"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_80_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/MCB.00248-10"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_81_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/jid.2014.439"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_82_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/oncsis.2017.65"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_83_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2019\/9561281"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_84_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.redox.2018.11.005"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_85_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13046-019-1413-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_86_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7554\/eLife.02523"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_87_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/MCB.00644-17"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_88_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.freeradbiomed.2015.11.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_89_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.freeradbiomed.2018.09.041"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_90_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41419-019-2064-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_91_2","article-title":"Revisiting tumors and the cardiovascular system: mechanistic intersections and divergences in ferroptosis","volume":"2020","author":"Wang Y.","year":"2020","journal-title":"Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_92_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chembiol.2020.02.005"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_93_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/cddis.2017.133"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_94_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1819728116"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_95_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/15548627.2019.1659623"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_96_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/sciadv.aaw2238"}],"container-title":["Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/downloads.hindawi.com\/journals\/omcl\/2022\/8498472.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/downloads.hindawi.com\/journals\/omcl\/2022\/8498472.xml","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1155\/2022\/8498472","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,3]],"date-time":"2025-06-03T01:19:46Z","timestamp":1748913586000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1155\/2022\/8498472"}},"subtitle":[],"editor":[{"given":"Abdur","family":"Rauf","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"editor"}]}],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,1]]},"references-count":96,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,1]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1155\/2022\/8498472"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1155\/2022\/8498472","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1942-0900","1942-0994"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1942-0900","type":"print"},{"value":"1942-0994","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,1]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2021-09-23","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2022-01-03","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2022-01-22","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}],"article-number":"8498472"}}