{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,21]],"date-time":"2026-08-21T13:55:54Z","timestamp":1787320554830,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":29,"publisher":"Wiley","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,20]],"date-time":"2022-06-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1655683200000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001691","name":"Japan Society for the Promotion of Science","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["P18091"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["P18091"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001691","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001700","name":"Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science, and Technology of Japan","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["P18091"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["P18091"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001700","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Journal of Parasitology Research"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,20]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    Pomegranate (Punica granatum) peel has seen a rapid surge in attention as a medical and nutritional product over the last decade. The impact of pomegranate peel methanolic extract monotherapy and combination therapy on the in vitro growth of Babesia (B.) bovis, B. bigemina, B. divergens, B. caballi, and Theileria (T.) equi, as well as B. microti in mice, was investigated in this work. Fluorescence-based SYBR green I assay was used for evaluating the inhibitory antibabesial efficacy of pomegranate (Punica granatum) peel against the growth of several piroplasm parasites in vitro and in vivo. Celltac \u03b1 MEK-6450 computerized haematology analyzer was used for monitoring the haematological parameters of treated mice every 4 days. Pomegranate peel inhibited the in vitro growth of B. bovis, B. bigemina, B. divergens, T. equi, and B. caballi in a dose-dependent manner, with IC50 values of\n                    <jats:inline-formula>\n                      <a:math xmlns:a=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M1\">\n                        <a:mn>154.45<\/a:mn>\n                        <a:mo>\u00b1<\/a:mo>\n                        <a:mn>23.11<\/a:mn>\n                      <\/a:math>\n                    <\/jats:inline-formula>\n                    ,\n                    <jats:inline-formula>\n                      <c:math xmlns:c=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M2\">\n                        <c:mn>40.90<\/c:mn>\n                        <c:mo>\u00b1<\/c:mo>\n                        <c:mn>9.35<\/c:mn>\n                      <\/c:math>\n                    <\/jats:inline-formula>\n                    ,\n                    <jats:inline-formula>\n                      <e:math xmlns:e=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M3\">\n                        <e:mn>72.71<\/e:mn>\n                        <e:mo>\u00b1<\/e:mo>\n                        <e:mn>14.77<\/e:mn>\n                      <\/e:math>\n                    <\/jats:inline-formula>\n                    ,\n                    <jats:inline-formula>\n                      <g:math xmlns:g=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M4\">\n                        <g:mn>100<\/g:mn>\n                        <g:mo>\u00b1<\/g:mo>\n                        <g:mn>16.20<\/g:mn>\n                      <\/g:math>\n                    <\/jats:inline-formula>\n                    , and\n                    <jats:inline-formula>\n                      <i:math xmlns:i=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M5\">\n                        <i:mn>77.27<\/i:mn>\n                        <i:mo>\u00b1<\/i:mo>\n                        <i:mn>16.94<\/i:mn>\n                        <i:mtext>\u2009<\/i:mtext>\n                        <i:mi>\u03bc<\/i:mi>\n                        <i:mtext>g<\/i:mtext>\n                        <i:mo>\/<\/i:mo>\n                        <i:mtext>ml<\/i:mtext>\n                      <\/i:math>\n                    <\/jats:inline-formula>\n                    , respectively. On a B. bovis culture, the in vitro inhibitory effect of pomegranate peel was amplified when it was combined with diminazene aceturate (DA). Combination therapy of pomegranate peel and a low dose of DA (15\u2009mg\u2009kg-1) inhibited B. microti growth significantly (\n                    <jats:inline-formula>\n                      <k:math xmlns:k=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M6\">\n                        <k:mi>P<\/k:mi>\n                        <k:mo>&lt;<\/k:mo>\n                        <k:mn>0.05<\/k:mn>\n                      <\/k:math>\n                    <\/jats:inline-formula>\n                    ) higher than the treatment with the full dose of DA (25\u2009mg\u2009kg-1) in B. microti-infected mice. These findings suggest that pomegranate peel might be a potential medicinal plant for babesiosis treatment, especially when combined with a low dosage of DA.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1155\/2022\/8574541","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,20]],"date-time":"2022-06-20T18:20:25Z","timestamp":1655749225000},"page":"1-9","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Pomegranate (Punica granatum) Peel Inhibits the In Vitro and In Vivo Growth of Piroplasm Parasites"],"prefix":"10.1155","volume":"2022","author":[{"given":"Rasha","family":"Eltaysh","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"National Research Center for Protozoan Diseases, Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Inada-Cho, Obihiro, Hokkaido 080-8555, Japan"},{"name":"Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Dakahlia, Egypt"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5250-6172","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Mohamed Abdo","family":"Rizk","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Research Center for Protozoan Diseases, Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Inada-Cho, Obihiro, Hokkaido 080-8555, Japan"},{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine and Infectious Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bassem","family":"Elmishmishy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shimaa Abd El-Salam","family":"El-Sayed","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Research Center for Protozoan Diseases, Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Inada-Cho, Obihiro, Hokkaido 080-8555, Japan"},{"name":"Department of Biochemistry and Chemistry of Nutrition, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Khaled","family":"Abouelnasr","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgery, Anesthesiology and Radiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4361-3942","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Ikuo","family":"Igarashi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Research Center for Protozoan Diseases, Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Inada-Cho, Obihiro, Hokkaido 080-8555, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","reference":[{"key":"1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2174\/092986712799828355"},{"key":"2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetpar.2019.07.003"},{"key":"3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2147\/IDR.S159519"},{"key":"4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.exppara.2017.10.016"},{"key":"5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/2156587215598039"},{"key":"6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12941-014-0032-6"},{"key":"7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12906-016-1207-9"},{"key":"8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jep.2009.06.025"},{"key":"9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00436-013-3430-3"},{"key":"10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.parint.2021.102431"},{"key":"11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/pathogens9030173"},{"key":"12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0125276"},{"key":"13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.exppara.2017.06.003"},{"key":"14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetpar.2016.07.032"},{"key":"15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apjtb.2015.09.001"},{"key":"16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetpar.2019.109013"},{"key":"17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/parasitologia1040020"},{"key":"18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules26237118"},{"key":"19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13071-019-3296-z"},{"key":"20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-017-13052-5"},{"key":"21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00436-013-3654-2"},{"issue":"1","key":"22","first-page":"90","article-title":"The effects of babesiosis on oxidative stress and DNA damage in Anatolian black goats naturally infected with Babesia ovis","volume":"9","author":"I. Kucukkurt","year":"2014","journal-title":"Iranian Journal of Parasitology"},{"key":"23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jn\/135.3.609"},{"issue":"2","key":"24","first-page":"128","article-title":"Therapeutic applications of pomegranate (Punica granatum L.): a review","volume":"13","author":"J. S. Jurenka","year":"2008","journal-title":"Alternative Medicine Review"},{"key":"25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.21608\/djvs.2019.53159"},{"key":"26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jep.2003.09.001"},{"key":"27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/jf020842c"},{"key":"28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/jf071689v"},{"key":"29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.41.1.91"}],"container-title":["Journal of Parasitology Research"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/downloads.hindawi.com\/journals\/jpr\/2022\/8574541.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/downloads.hindawi.com\/journals\/jpr\/2022\/8574541.xml","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/downloads.hindawi.com\/journals\/jpr\/2022\/8574541.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,20]],"date-time":"2022-06-20T18:20:31Z","timestamp":1655749231000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.hindawi.com\/journals\/jpr\/2022\/8574541\/"}},"subtitle":[],"editor":[{"given":"Bernard","family":"Marchand","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"editor"}]}],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,20]]},"references-count":29,"alternative-id":["8574541","8574541"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1155\/2022\/8574541","relation":{},"ISSN":["2090-0031","2090-0023"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2090-0031","type":"electronic"},{"value":"2090-0023","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,20]]}}}