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Melatonin is the main secreted product of the pineal gland and has been reported to prevent hepatic lipid metabolism disorders. However, it remains uncertain whether melatonin could protect against PM\n                    <jats:sub>2.5<\/jats:sub>\n                    \u2010induced MAFLD.\n                    <jats:italic>Methods and Results.<\/jats:italic>\n                    The purpose of our study was to investigate the mitigating effects of melatonin on hepatic fatty degeneration accelerated by PM\n                    <jats:sub>2.5<\/jats:sub>\n                    in vivo and in vitro. Histopathological analysis and ultrastructural images showed that PM\n                    <jats:sub>2.5<\/jats:sub>\n                    induced hepatic steatosis and lipid vacuolation in ApoE\n                    <jats:sup>-\/-<\/jats:sup>\n                    mice, which could be effectively alleviated by melatonin administration. Increased ROS production and decreased expression of antioxidant enzymes were detected in the PM\n                    <jats:sub>2.5<\/jats:sub>\n                    \u2010treated group, whereas melatonin showed recovery effects after PM\n                    <jats:sub>2.5<\/jats:sub>\n                    \u2010induced oxidative damage in both the liver and L02 cells. Further investigation revealed that PM\n                    <jats:sub>2.5<\/jats:sub>\n                    induced oxidative stress to activate PTP1B, which in turn had a positive feedback regulation effect on ROS release. When a PTP1B inhibitor or melatonin was administered, SP1\/SREBP\u20101 signalling was effectively suppressed, while Nrf2\/Keap1 signalling was activated in the PM\n                    <jats:sub>2.5<\/jats:sub>\n                    \u2010treated groups.\n                    <jats:italic>Conclusion.<\/jats:italic>\n                    Our study is the first to show that melatonin alleviates the disturbance of PM\n                    <jats:sub>2.5<\/jats:sub>\n                    \u2010triggered hepatic steatosis and liver damage by regulating the ROS\u2010mediated PTP1B and Nrf2 signalling pathways in ApoE\n                    <jats:sup>-\/-<\/jats:sup>\n                    mice. These results suggest that melatonin administration might be a prospective therapy for the prevention and treatment of MAFLD associated with air pollution.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1155\/2022\/8688643","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,8]],"date-time":"2022-06-08T17:50:15Z","timestamp":1654710615000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":20,"title":["Melatonin Alleviates PM\n                    <sub>2.5<\/sub>\n                    \u2010Induced Hepatic Steatosis and Metabolic\u2010Associated Fatty Liver Disease in ApoE\n                    <sup>-\/-<\/sup>\n                    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