{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,17]],"date-time":"2026-01-17T19:17:41Z","timestamp":1768677461080,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":46,"publisher":"Wiley","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,17]],"date-time":"2022-06-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1655424000000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100021171","name":"Guangdong Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["2020A1515010184"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2020A1515010184"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100021171","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Journal of Immunology Research"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,17]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Kawasaki disease (KD) is characterized by disorder of immune response with unknown etiology. Immune cells may be closely related to the onset of KD. The focus of this research was to evaluate the significance of the infiltration of immune cells for this disease and find possible diagnostic biomarkers for KD. The Gene Expression Omnibus database was utilized to retrieve two freely accessible gene expression patterns (GSE68004 and GSE18606 datasets) from human KD and control specimens. 114 KD, as well as 46 control specimens, were searched for obtaining differentially expressed genes (DEGs). Candidate biological markers were determined utilizing the support vector machine recursive feature elimination and the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator regression model analysis. To assess discriminating capacity, the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) was computed. The GSE73461 dataset was utilized to observe the biomarkers\u2019 expression levels and diagnostic significance in KD (78 KD patients and 55 controls). CIBERSORT was employed to assess the composition profiles of the 22 subtypes of immune cell fraction in KD on the basis of combined cohorts. 37 genes were discovered. The DEGs identified were predominantly involved in arteriosclerotic cardiovascular disease, atherosclerosis, autoimmune disease of the urogenital tract, and bacterial infectious disease. Gene sets related to complement and coagulation cascades, Toll-like receptor signaling pathway, Fc gamma R-mediated phagocytosis, NOD-like receptor signaling pathway, and regulation of actin cytoskeleton underwent differential activation in KD as opposed to the controls. KD diagnostic biomarkers, including the alkaline phosphatase (ALPL), endoplasmic reticulum degradation-enhancing alpha-mannosidase-like protein 2 (EDEM2), and histone cluster 2 (HIST2H2BE), were discovered (<jats:inline-formula>\n                     <a:math xmlns:a=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M1\">\n                        <a:mtext>AUC<\/a:mtext>\n                        <a:mo>=<\/a:mo>\n                        <a:mn>1.000<\/a:mn>\n                     <\/a:math>\n                  <\/jats:inline-formula>) and verified utilizing the GSE73461 dataset (<jats:inline-formula>\n                     <c:math xmlns:c=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M2\">\n                        <c:mtext>AUC<\/c:mtext>\n                        <c:mo>=<\/c:mo>\n                        <c:mn>1.000<\/c:mn>\n                     <\/c:math>\n                  <\/jats:inline-formula>). Analyses of immune cell infiltration demonstrated that ALPL, EDEM2, and HIST2H2BE were linked to CD4 memory resting T cells, monocytes, M0 macrophages, CD8 T cells, neutrophils, and memory CD4 T cells. ALPL, EDEM2, and HIST2H2BE could be utilized as KD diagnostic indicators, and they can also deliver useful information for future research on the disease\u2019s incidence and molecular processes.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1155\/2022\/8739498","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,17]],"date-time":"2022-06-17T17:05:35Z","timestamp":1655485535000},"page":"1-16","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Prediction of Immune Infiltration Diagnostic Gene Biomarkers in Kawasaki Disease"],"prefix":"10.1155","volume":"2022","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5268-211X","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Hongjun","family":"Ba","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Paediatric Cardiology, Heart Centre, First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, 58# Zhongshan Road 2, Guangzhou 510080, China"},{"name":"Key Laboratory on Assisted Circulation, Ministry of Health, 58# Zhongshan Road 2, Guangzhou 510080, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0696-3735","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Yao","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Guangzhou Medical University Cancer Hospital, Guangzhou 510095, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4902-7522","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Lili","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Paediatric Cardiology, Heart Centre, First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, 58# Zhongshan Road 2, Guangzhou 510080, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6869-4473","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Huishen","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Paediatric Cardiology, Heart Centre, First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, 58# Zhongshan Road 2, Guangzhou 510080, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7054-655X","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Zhan-Peng","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory on Assisted Circulation, Ministry of Health, 58# Zhongshan Road 2, Guangzhou 510080, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3097-9216","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Youzhen","family":"Qin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Paediatric Cardiology, Heart Centre, First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, 58# Zhongshan Road 2, Guangzhou 510080, China"},{"name":"Key Laboratory on Assisted Circulation, Ministry of Health, 58# Zhongshan Road 2, Guangzhou 510080, 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