{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,6]],"date-time":"2026-10-06T06:13:25Z","timestamp":1791267205579,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":56,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,29]],"date-time":"2022-07-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1659052800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":209,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Fondo Ordinario Enti","award":["865\/2019"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["865\/2019"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Retinal degeneration is the major and principal cause behind many incurable blindness diseases. Several studies indicated the neuroprotective effect of Curcuma longa in eye pathologies, specifically retinopathy. However, the molecular mechanism behind its effect has not been completely elucidated. Using an <jats:italic>ex vivo<\/jats:italic> model of retinal degeneration obtained from an <jats:italic>ex vivo<\/jats:italic> optic nerve cut (ONC), we demonstrated that Curcuma extract (Cur) exerted a neuroprotective effect. Importantly, Cur was able to modulate apoptosis and MAPK signaling pathway activation and prevent retinal ganglion cell (RGC) loss. Other well\u2010known neuroprotective pharmacological tools, including memantine (Mem), citicoline (Cit), and ginkgolic acid (GA), were used to compare the potential mechanisms of Cur. The antioxidant activity of retinas treated with Cur following optic nerve cut was significantly higher than control, but Cur failed to change the retina glutamate content. Considering the antioxidant effect of Cur and taking advantage of our recent findings on the crosstalk between oxidative stress and post\u2010translational protein modifiers, in particular, small ubiquitin\u2010related modifier (SUMO), we were interested in exploring the effect of Cur on SUMOylation. We found that Cur significantly prevented the increase of protein SUMOylation, confirming our previous <jats:italic>in vitro<\/jats:italic> data indicating the cytoprotective effect of curcumin through modulating the oxidative stress and SUMO\u2010JNK axis. Altogether, these results suggest that Curcuma protects the retina from degeneration via antioxidant activity and targets SUMOylation. Therefore, it might be considered for the combination therapy with other neuroprotective agents with different mechanisms in preclinical studies on retinal degeneration.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1155\/2022\/8923615","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,29]],"date-time":"2022-07-29T19:35:10Z","timestamp":1659123310000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["Protective Effect of Curcuma Extract in an <i>Ex Vivo<\/i> Model of Retinal Degeneration via Antioxidant Activity and Targeting the SUMOylation"],"prefix":"10.1155","volume":"2022","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8737-312X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kambiz","family":"Hassanzadeh","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9854-9653","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Zakaria","family":"Vahabzadeh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3393-653X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lucia","family":"Buccarello","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8666-4200","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jessica","family":"Dragotto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0793-9830","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Massimo","family":"Corbo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0648-3771","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rita","family":"Maccarone","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7070-9662","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marco","family":"Feligioni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_11_1_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000357294"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/J.1442-9071.2012.02789.X"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/CELLS10010064"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41433-018-0050-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/cddiscovery.2017.32"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/OPX.0b013e31817841e5"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1471-4159.2008.05694.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M209909200"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2017\/9208489"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bcp.2020.114066"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2174\/1567205014666170505095109"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/J.PHRS.2017.12.023"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/S12017-013-8266-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2174\/1566524019666190107154250"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/S41420-021-00760-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5114\/ceji.2019.87070"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.chemrestox.5b00009"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms21186619"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopha.2016.01.021"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1167\/iovs.10-7103"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1743-7075-4-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/J.TOX.2010.03.013"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/IJMS15046286"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_24_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acsmedchemlett.0c00353"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_25_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1139\/APNM-2016-0067"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_26_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1101\/PDB.PROT4986"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_27_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/JOURNAL.PONE.0110612"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_28_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/J.JCHROMB.2012.07.027"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_29_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/J.1755-5949.2008.00050.X"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_30_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/J.CHEMBIOL.2009.01.009"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_31_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ncomms14109"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_32_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/JNR.10403"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_33_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00001756-200211150-00023"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_34_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/J.EXER.2006.05.021"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_35_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4103\/2008-322X.183934"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_36_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"SasaokaM. OtaT. andKageyamaM. Rotenone-induced inner retinal degeneration via presynaptic activation of voltage-dependent sodium and L-type calcium channels in rats 2020 10 no. 1 https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41598-020-57638-y 31969611.","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-020-57638-y"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_37_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/J.OPHTHA.2018.06.017"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_38_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1196\/ANNALS.1338.057"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_39_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000475444"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_40_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/MOLECULES26185591"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_41_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/S10792-018-0845-Y"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_42_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2011\/573974"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_43_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1167\/IOVS.11-8909"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_44_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000516892"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_45_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5114\/FN.2021.107175"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_46_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/FNINS.2019.00219"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_47_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.eye.6701588"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_48_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/IJMS20133367"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_49_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ANTIOX9010048"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_50_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-0-12-817780-8.00017-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_51_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-0-387-46401-5_8"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_52_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1271\/BBB.59.1609"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_53_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0009-2797(99)00096-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_54_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/PHARMACEUTICS11070297"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_55_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"HendriksI. A. D\u2019SouzaR. C. J. YangB. VriesM. V.-d. MannM. andVertegaalA. C. O. Uncovering global SUMOylation signaling networks in a site-specific manner 2014 21 no. 10 927\u2013936 https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/nsmb.2890 2-s2.0-84925775745 25218447.","DOI":"10.1038\/nsmb.2890"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_56_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms22094422"}],"container-title":["Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/downloads.hindawi.com\/journals\/omcl\/2022\/8923615.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/downloads.hindawi.com\/journals\/omcl\/2022\/8923615.xml","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1155\/2022\/8923615","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,3]],"date-time":"2025-06-03T01:21:25Z","timestamp":1748913685000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1155\/2022\/8923615"}},"subtitle":[],"editor":[{"given":"Pasquale","family":"Picone","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"editor"}]}],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,1]]},"references-count":56,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,1]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1155\/2022\/8923615"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1155\/2022\/8923615","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1942-0900","1942-0994"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1942-0900","type":"print"},{"value":"1942-0994","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,1]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2022-04-11","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2022-07-12","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2022-07-29","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}],"article-number":"8923615"}}