{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,1]],"date-time":"2026-09-01T15:23:14Z","timestamp":1788276194579,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":34,"publisher":"Wiley","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,24]],"date-time":"2022-01-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1642982400000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100009045","name":"Uniwersytet Jagiello\u0144ski Collegium Medicum","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100009045","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["International Journal of Endocrinology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,24]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Background. Lipohypertrophy (LH) of subcutaneous tissue is an insulin-induced complication occurring in patients with diabetes. We aimed to define the prevalence of LH and identify its risk factors in type 1 diabetes (T1DM) patients treated with continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion (CSII). Materials and Methods. The study included 79 consecutive CSII-treated T1DM patients. The diagnose of LH was based on ultrasonography (US) as a reference method, physical examination was also performed. Clinical characteristics were available from the medical records. Results. The median age of patients was 28\u2009years (interquartile range [IQR], 24\u201330.5) with a body mass index (BMI) of 24.5\u2009\u00b1\u20093.5\u2009kg\/m2, HbA1c 7.1% (IQR, 6.7\u20138.1), T1DM duration 15 (9\u201320) years, and CSII use duration of 8\u2009year (IQR, 5\u201311). LH was detected by US in 75 (94.9%) patients. This value was much higher than this obtained by visual assessment (n\u2009=\u200939, 49.4%) or palpation (n\u2009=\u200959, 74.7%). In univariate analyses, the following risk factors for occurrence of 5 and more LH lesions were identified: the ratio of insulin dose to body mass exceeding 0.7\u2009IU\/kg (OR, 3.69; 95% CI, 1.43\u201310.01) and the total daily insulin dose (OR, 1.05; 95% CI, 1.02\u20131.09). A higher dose of insulin per kg remained a significant risk factor of LH amount in multivariate analysis. Conclusion. This selected T1DM cohort treated with CSII had a very high prevalence of LH. US assessment should be considered as a reference method for LH screening in T1DM patients. The identified risk factors for the number of LH lesions were related to insulin dosing.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1155\/2022\/9169296","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,25]],"date-time":"2022-01-25T04:05:10Z","timestamp":1643083510000},"page":"1-7","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":19,"title":["Insulin-induced Lipohypertrophy in Patients with Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus Treated with an Insulin Pump"],"prefix":"10.1155","volume":"2022","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8767-403X","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Damian","family":"Ucieklak","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Metabolic Diseases, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow, Poland"},{"name":"University Hospital, Krakow, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3837-5409","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Sandra","family":"Mrozinska","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Metabolic Diseases, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow, Poland"},{"name":"University Hospital, Krakow, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5760-3230","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Aleksandra","family":"Wojnarska","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University Hospital, Krakow, Poland"},{"name":"Department of Radiology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4794-0820","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Maciej T.","family":"Malecki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Metabolic Diseases, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow, Poland"},{"name":"University Hospital, Krakow, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7199-4079","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Tomasz","family":"Klupa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Metabolic Diseases, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow, Poland"},{"name":"University Hospital, Krakow, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6938-352X","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Bart\u0142omiej","family":"Matejko","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Metabolic Diseases, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow, Poland"},{"name":"University Hospital, Krakow, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","reference":[{"key":"1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2165\/00128071-200304100-00001"},{"key":"2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fendo.2018.00638"},{"key":"3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s13300-016-0161-3"},{"key":"4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.diabres.2006.12.023"},{"key":"5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.diabet.2013.05.006"},{"key":"6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1753-0407.2010.00077.x"},{"key":"7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s40618-017-0675-1"},{"key":"8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1055\/s-2001-18991"},{"key":"9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2337\/diacare.7.5.479"},{"key":"10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mayocp.2016.06.012"},{"key":"11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.327.7411.383"},{"key":"12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4239\/wjd.v5.i4.444"},{"key":"13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.15171\/jcs.2018.011"},{"key":"14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dsx.2018.11.042"},{"key":"15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/dia.2016.0334"},{"key":"16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.japh.2020.02.030"},{"key":"17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ccr3.2347"},{"key":"18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7860\/JCDR\/2016\/22215.8483"},{"key":"19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jdi.12742"},{"key":"20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s13300-018-0472-7"},{"key":"21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.diabres.2018.07.035"},{"key":"22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/dme.13764"},{"key":"23","volume-title":"Classification of Diabetes Mellitus","author":"World Health Organization","year":"2019"},{"key":"24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2018\/1473160"},{"key":"25","volume-title":"R: A Language and Environment for Statistical Computing.","author":"R. 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