{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,10]],"date-time":"2026-09-10T00:19:07Z","timestamp":1788999547072,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":13,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,20]],"date-time":"2022-07-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1658275200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":200,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000925","name":"National Health and Medical Research Council","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["APP1111925"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["APP1111925"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000925","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100015676","name":"NSW Health Pathology","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100015676","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100008999","name":"Australian Commission on Safety and Quality in Health Care","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100008999","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["International Journal of Clinical Practice"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p><jats:italic>Background<\/jats:italic>. Pneumonia is one of the leading causes of mortality and morbidity worldwide. Microbiology tests play a critical role in the diagnosis of pneumonia. Our study aimed to determine microbiology result reporting times and evaluate their association with outcomes of adult patients (\u226518 years) hospitalised with pneumonia. <jats:italic>Methods<\/jats:italic>. This is a 3\u2010year (2016\u20132018) retrospective cohort study in six hospitals in New South Wales, Australia. The study data were obtained by linking hospital and laboratory system databases. Result reporting times including time from admission to the first and the last microbiology test results were determined. The outcome measures were hospital length of stay (LOS) and in\u2010hospital mortality. We fit median and logistic regression to evaluate the association of time\u2010to\u2010first microbiological result with hospital LOS and in\u2010hospital mortality, respectively. <jats:italic>Results<\/jats:italic>. A total of 6,298 patients met the inclusion criteria. Of these, 85.3% (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20095,375) ordered at least one microbiology test. The top 5 microbiology tests were blood culture, urine culture, respiratory polymerase chain reaction (PCR), urine antigen, and sputum culture. The median time\u2010to\u2010first microbiology result was 26\u2009hrs while the median time\u2010to\u2010last test result was 144\u2009hrs. The rate of in\u2010hospital mortality was 5.9% (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u2009371). After adjusting for confounders, every 5\u2009hrs increase in the time\u2010to\u2010first microbiology test was associated with an increase of 3.9\u2009hrs in the median hospital LOS [95% Confidence Interval (CI), 3.5 to 4.3; <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> \u2264 0.001]. There was no association between time\u2010to\u2010first microbiology result and in\u2010hospital mortality (OR 1.01; 95% CI 1.00\u20131.02; <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> = 0.122). <jats:italic>Conclusion<\/jats:italic>. Time\u2010to\u2010first microbiology result reporting was significantly associated with hospital LOS but not with in\u2010hospital mortality. Further research should be conducted to understand if improving result reporting times can reduce the length of hospital stay of patients.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1155\/2022\/9406499","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,20]],"date-time":"2022-07-20T18:50:11Z","timestamp":1658343011000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Timeliness of Microbiology Test Result Reporting and Association with Outcomes of Adults Hospitalised with Unspecified Pneumonia: A Data Linkage Study"],"prefix":"10.1155","volume":"2022","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3027-1920","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Anil","family":"Shrestha","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7619-3668","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Andrew","family":"Georgiou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9740-6319","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nasir","family":"Wabe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,20]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_12_1_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mcna.2018.12.008"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/resp.13112"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_3_2","volume-title":"Lung Disease in Australia","author":"Poulos L. M.","year":"2014"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_4_2","volume-title":"Causes of Death","author":"Statistics ABo","year":"2019"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/jcm.02037-08"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_6_2","first-page":"179","article-title":"Laboratory turnaround time","volume":"28","author":"Hawkins R. C.","year":"2007","journal-title":"Clinical Biochemist Reviews"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.31782\/ijcrr.2020.12051"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1309\/e9qpvq6g2fbvmj3b"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2147\/oaem.s155988"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/jcm.01727-18"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_11_2","unstructured":"Australian Institute of Health and Welfare Australian hospital peer groups. Health services 2015 https:\/\/www.aihw.gov.au\/getmedia\/79e7d756-7cfe-49bf-b8c0-0bbb0daa2430\/14825.pdf.aspx?inline=true."},{"key":"e_1_2_12_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.mlr.0000182534.19832.83"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/acem.12565"}],"container-title":["International Journal of Clinical Practice"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/downloads.hindawi.com\/journals\/ijclp\/2022\/9406499.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/downloads.hindawi.com\/journals\/ijclp\/2022\/9406499.xml","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1155\/2022\/9406499","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,11]],"date-time":"2025-09-11T09:08:53Z","timestamp":1757581733000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1155\/2022\/9406499"}},"subtitle":[],"editor":[{"given":"Keke","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"editor"}]}],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,1]]},"references-count":13,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,1]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1155\/2022\/9406499"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1155\/2022\/9406499","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1368-5031","1742-1241"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1368-5031","type":"print"},{"value":"1742-1241","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,1]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2021-10-27","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2022-06-16","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2022-07-20","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}],"article-number":"9406499"}}