{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,31]],"date-time":"2025-12-31T07:24:52Z","timestamp":1767165892665,"version":"build-2238731810"},"reference-count":18,"publisher":"Wiley","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,7]],"date-time":"2022-03-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1646611200000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Journal of Healthcare Engineering"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    Objective. To explore correlations between serum thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) concentration within the normal range and insulin resistance and its possible mechanism in incipient type 2 diabetes in elderly patients. Methods. 453 elderly patients with type 2 diabetes were divided into four groups by the quartile of TSH. Body mass index (BMI), waist-to-hip ratio (WHR), fasting plasma glucose (FPG), fasting insulin (FINS), homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) and homeostasis model assessment of insulin secretion (HOMA-\u03b2), blood lipids, and other indicators were compared among all groups, and correlation and regression analysis were conducted. 3T3-L1 preadipocytes were induced into mature adipocytes in vitro, and different concentrations of bovine TSH were used to stimulate adipocytes. The levels of TNF-\u03b1 in the culture medium were detected by ELISA. Results. (1) With the increase of TSH, TC showed an increasing trend. Compared with the G1 group (4.80\u2009\u00b1\u20091.08), G2 group (5.13\u2009\u00b1\u20091.16), G3 group (5.14\u2009\u00b1\u20091.39), and G4 group (5.38\u2009\u00b1\u20091.16), the difference was statistically significant (\n                    <jats:inline-formula>\n                      <a:math xmlns:a=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M1\">\n                        <a:mi>P<\/a:mi>\n                        <a:mo>&lt;<\/a:mo>\n                        <a:mn>0.05<\/a:mn>\n                      <\/a:math>\n                    <\/jats:inline-formula>\n                    or\n                    <jats:inline-formula>\n                      <c:math xmlns:c=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M2\">\n                        <c:mi>P<\/c:mi>\n                        <c:mo>&lt;<\/c:mo>\n                        <c:mn>0.01<\/c:mn>\n                      <\/c:math>\n                    <\/jats:inline-formula>\n                    ). The LDL also showed an increasing trend. Compared with the G4 group (3.47\u2009\u00b1\u20090.89), the G1 (3.12\u2009\u00b1\u20090.82) and G2 groups (3.14\u2009\u00b1\u20091.05) had a lower LDL, and the difference was statistically significant (\n                    <jats:inline-formula>\n                      <e:math xmlns:e=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M3\">\n                        <e:mi>P<\/e:mi>\n                        <e:mo>&lt;<\/e:mo>\n                        <e:mn>0.01<\/e:mn>\n                      <\/e:math>\n                    <\/jats:inline-formula>\n                    ). The BMI increased between the G4 group (26.7\u2009\u00b1\u20093.97) and the G1 group (25.6\u2009\u00b1\u20093.54), and the difference was statistically significant (\n                    <jats:inline-formula>\n                      <g:math xmlns:g=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M4\">\n                        <g:mi>P<\/g:mi>\n                        <g:mo>&lt;<\/g:mo>\n                        <g:mn>0.05<\/g:mn>\n                      <\/g:math>\n                    <\/jats:inline-formula>\n                    ). (2) The serum TSH level was positively correlated with FPG, FINS, HOMA-IR, TC, and LDL (R\u2009=\u20090.292, 0.271, 0.394, 0.195, and 0.178, all\n                    <jats:inline-formula>\n                      <i:math xmlns:i=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M5\">\n                        <i:mi>P<\/i:mi>\n                        <i:mo>&lt;<\/i:mo>\n                        <i:mn>0.01<\/i:mn>\n                      <\/i:math>\n                    <\/jats:inline-formula>\n                    ). (3) TSH is the dependent variable, other indicators are independent variables, and multiple stepwise regression analysis is performed; the results show that only HOMA-IR, TC, and LDL enter the regression equation. (4) The TSH stimulated TNF-\u03b1 secretion of 3T3-L1 adipocytes in a dose-dependent manner. Conclusion. The TSH level was positively correlated with the insulin resistance and LDL in the elderly incipient type 2 diabetic patients. Higher levels of TSH may be involved in the development of insulin resistance in the elderly incipient type 2 diabetic patients.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1155\/2022\/9447363","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,7]],"date-time":"2022-03-07T22:05:15Z","timestamp":1646690715000},"page":"1-6","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["The Relationship between Thyroid-Stimulating Hormone and Insulin Resistance in Incipient Elderly Type 2 Diabetics with Normal Thyroid Function"],"prefix":"10.1155","volume":"2022","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8861-4685","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Yajing","family":"Zhang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"NHC Key Laboratory of Hormones and Development Tianjin Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases Chu Hsien-I Memorial Hospital & Tianjin Institute of Endocrinology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300134, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lin","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"NHC Key Laboratory of Hormones and Development Tianjin Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases Chu Hsien-I Memorial Hospital & Tianjin Institute of Endocrinology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300134, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","reference":[{"issue":"1","key":"1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S67","DOI":"10.2337\/dc13-S067","article-title":"Diagnosis and classification of diabetes mellitus","volume":"36","author":"American Diabetes Association","year":"2013","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"},{"key":"2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/bf00280883"},{"key":"3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1138","DOI":"10.2337\/diacare.19.10.1138","article-title":"Aprospective analysis of the HOMA model. 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