{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,5]],"date-time":"2026-08-05T13:38:56Z","timestamp":1785937136871,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":26,"publisher":"Wiley","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,19]],"date-time":"2022-09-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1663545600000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Pain Research and Management"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,19]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Background. The study evaluated the analgesic effects of levobupivacaine infiltration in the tonsil bed, and a combination of levobupivacaine and dexmedetomidine in patients undergoing tonsillectomy. Methods. Ninety children (ages 3 to 7 years) who were scheduled for a tonsillectomy were allocated randomly into two groups. (L Group): peritonsillar infiltration with 0.25% levobupivacaine (2\u2009ml\u2009+\u20090.5\u2009ml saline 0.9% per tonsil). (LD Group): levobupivacaine 0.25% (2\u2009ml) plus dexmedetomidine 1\u2009\u03bcg\/kg diluted in 1\u2009ml saline 0.9% (0.5\u2009ml in each tonsil), and administered by peritonsillar infiltration (2.5\u2009ml per tonsil) following intubation 3\u20135 minutes before operation. To avoid bias, infiltrate a total volume of 2.5\u2009ml in each tonsil. The first analgesic request time was the primary outcome, with postoperative pain score, total analgesic consumption, total oral intake, sedation, and side effects as secondary outcomes. Results. The first rescue analgesia time in the LD group was longer (644.31\u2009\u00b1\u2009112.89\u2009min) than in the L group (551.51\u2009\u00b1\u2009146.16\u2009min, <jats:inline-formula>\n                     <a:math xmlns:a=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M1\">\n                        <a:mi>P<\/a:mi>\n                     <\/a:math>\n                  <\/jats:inline-formula>-value &lt;0.001). The number of patients who required &gt;1 analgesic dose in the L group (n\u2009=\u200913) was higher than in the LD group (n\u2009=\u20095). The LD group consumes a lower total dose of IV paracetamol in the first 24 hours postoperatively (321.89\u2009\u00b1\u200993.25\u2009mg) than the L group (394.89\u2009\u00b1\u2009183.71\u2009mg, <jats:inline-formula>\n                     <c:math xmlns:c=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M2\">\n                        <c:mi>P<\/c:mi>\n                        <c:mo>&lt;<\/c:mo>\n                        <c:mn>0.00<\/c:mn>\n                     <\/c:math>\n                  <\/jats:inline-formula>-value &lt; 0.050). On the first day postoperatively, patients in the LD group had a higher total oral intake (<jats:inline-formula>\n                     <e:math xmlns:e=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M3\">\n                        <e:mi>P<\/e:mi>\n                        <e:mo>&lt;<\/e:mo>\n                        <e:mn>0.001<\/e:mn>\n                     <\/e:math>\n                  <\/jats:inline-formula>). Except for a slight increase in laryngospasm in the L group, there were no side effects. Conclusions. The Children\u2019s peritonsillar infiltration of levobupivacaine and dexmedetomidine improved postoperative pain after adenotonsillectomy. The topically applied levobupivacaine and dexmedetomidine were concomitant with no systemic effects, greater total oral intake on the first day postoperative, and higher family satisfaction.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1155\/2022\/9958668","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,19]],"date-time":"2022-09-19T22:20:06Z","timestamp":1663626006000},"page":"1-7","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Efficacy of Levobupivacaine Versus Levobupivacaine Plus Dexmedetomidine Infiltration for Post-Tonsillectomy Analgesia: A Randomized Controlled Trial"],"prefix":"10.1155","volume":"2022","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8122-4676","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Ghada Mohammad","family":"Abo Elfadl","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Anesthesia and Intensive Care Department, Faculty of Medicine, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marwa Mahmoud","family":"AbdelRady","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Anesthesia and Intensive Care Department, Faculty of Medicine, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hany M.","family":"Osman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Anesthesia and Intensive Care Department, Faculty of Medicine, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mohamed Omar","family":"Gad","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Lecturer of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nessren M.","family":"Abd el-Rady","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Assistant Professor of Medical Physiology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt"},{"name":"Medical Physiology Department, Sphinx University, New Assiut, Assiut, Egypt"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wesam Nashat","family":"Ali","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Anesthesia and Intensive Care Department, Faculty of Medicine, Assiut University, Assiut, 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