{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,6]],"date-time":"2025-07-06T11:20:47Z","timestamp":1751800847747,"version":"3.40.5"},"reference-count":42,"publisher":"Wiley","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,11]],"date-time":"2023-09-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1694390400000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Emergency Medicine International"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Introduction. Urinary tract infections (UTIs) and sexually transmitted infections (STIs) can have overlapping signs, symptoms, and findings on urinalysis. Our objective was to determine if patient or provider demographics are associated with differences in the diagnosis and management of UTIs and STIs in the emergency department (ED). Methods. We analyzed 38,062 ED patient encounters from a single healthcare system between April 18, 2014, and March 7, 2017. All encounters were women \u226518\u2009years of age and not admitted to the hospital. We performed logistic regression using patient and provider demographics, laboratory testing results, ED triage data, and ED diagnoses. Results. The patient\u2019s age, race, and marital status were not associated with having an ED UTI diagnosis with a urine culture \u226510,000 colony forming units (CFUs)\/mL (vs. &lt;10,000\u2009CFUs\/mL). Patient race and the sex of the ED provider were not associated with differences in empiric antibiotic treatment for gonorrhea and chlamydia during the ED encounter. Patient\u2019s race and the sex of the ED provider were also not associated with discordance between empiric antibiotic therapy given in the ED and the results of gonorrhea and chlamydia tests that resulted following the ED encounter. Conclusion. In our multivariate analyses, we did not observe that the patient\u2019s race resulted in significant differences in the diagnosis of UTIs with bacteriuria \u226510,000\u2009CFU\/mL or differences in the empiric treatment of gonorrhea and chlamydia infections among those tested for the infection in the ED. The patient\u2019s age and marital status, but not the provider\u2019s sex, were significantly associated with differences in the management of gonorrhea and chlamydia.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1155\/2023\/1522347","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,11]],"date-time":"2023-09-11T17:20:10Z","timestamp":1694452810000},"page":"1-17","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Patient and Provider Demographics and the Management of Genitourinary Tract Infections in the Emergency Department"],"prefix":"10.1155","volume":"2023","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4503-8590","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Johnathan M.","family":"Sheele","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Mayo Clinic, Department of Emergency Medicine, Jacksonville, FL 32224, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6779-4568","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Lanyu","family":"Mi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Mayo Clinic, Division of Clinical Trials and Biostatistics, Department of Quantitative Health Sciences, Scottsdale, AZ, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3826-213X","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Jessica","family":"Monas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Mayo Clinic, Department of Emergency Medicine, Phoenix, AZ, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6315-6454","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Michael","family":"Mohseni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Mayo Clinic, Department of Emergency Medicine, Jacksonville, FL 32224, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","reference":[{"key":"1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.15585\/mmwr.rr6805a1"},{"key":"2","first-page":"750","volume-title":"Engineering, and Medicine. Sexually Transmitted Infections: Adopting a Sexual Health Paradigm","author":"National Academies of Sciences","year":"2021"},{"key":"3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/olq.0000000000001380"},{"key":"4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/olq.0000000000001355"},{"volume-title":"Sexually Transmitted Infections Prevalence, Incidence, and Cost Estimates in the United States Atlanta (GA)","year":"2021","author":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Us Department of Health & Human Services","key":"5"},{"key":"6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.idc.2013.09.003"},{"key":"7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12879-016-1972-6"},{"key":"8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/jcm.00670-15"},{"key":"9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/sti.2007.028050"},{"key":"10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2105\/ajph.2011.300621"},{"key":"11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1553-2712.2012.01338.x"},{"key":"12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/olq.0b013e3181e50044"},{"key":"13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jadohealth.2018.04.013"},{"key":"14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s40615-021-01137-x"},{"key":"15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/pec.0000000000002675"},{"key":"16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ofid\/ofab276"},{"key":"17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejim.2021.03.010"},{"first-page":"1","article-title":"Probing automated treatment of urinary tract infections for bias: a case-study where machine learning perpetuates structural differences and racial disparities","author":"G. M. V. Yoon","key":"18"},{"key":"19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7759\/cureus.15800"},{"key":"20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajem.2021.01.054"},{"key":"21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajem.2020.04.027"},{"key":"22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7759\/cureus.11566"},{"key":"23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7759\/cureus.11244"},{"key":"24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajem.2021.06.070"},{"key":"25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7759\/cureus.11647"},{"key":"26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajem.2020.11.020"},{"key":"27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajem.2021.11.004"},{"key":"28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jemermed.2021.10.022"},{"key":"29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.15585\/mmwr.rr7004a1"},{"key":"30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/jcm.38.10.3585-3588.2000"},{"key":"31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archpedi.153.12.1222"},{"issue":"6","key":"32","first-page":"749","article-title":"Evaluation of the gen-probe APTIMA trichomonas vaginalis assay with the APTIMA combo 2 assay for detection of Chlamydia trachomatis (CT) and\/or Neisseria gonorrhoeae (GC)","volume":"13","author":"J. T. Hill","year":"2011","journal-title":"Journal of Molecular Diagnostics"},{"key":"33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2017.05.050"},{"key":"34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/s1054-139x(00)00152-x"},{"key":"35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajem.2019.05.054"},{"key":"36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/olq.0000000000000113"},{"key":"37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7759\/cureus.17489"},{"key":"38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/tme.0000000000000408"},{"key":"39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7759\/cureus.6482"},{"key":"40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0956462419866052"},{"key":"41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2105\/ajph.2009.172965"},{"key":"42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jsxm.2020.04.391"}],"container-title":["Emergency Medicine International"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/downloads.hindawi.com\/journals\/emi\/2023\/1522347.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/downloads.hindawi.com\/journals\/emi\/2023\/1522347.xml","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/downloads.hindawi.com\/journals\/emi\/2023\/1522347.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,11]],"date-time":"2023-09-11T17:20:15Z","timestamp":1694452815000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.hindawi.com\/journals\/emi\/2023\/1522347\/"}},"subtitle":[],"editor":[{"given":"Roberto","family":"Cirocchi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"editor","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,11]]},"references-count":42,"alternative-id":["1522347","1522347"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1155\/2023\/1522347","relation":{},"ISSN":["2090-2859","2090-2840"],"issn-type":[{"type":"electronic","value":"2090-2859"},{"type":"print","value":"2090-2840"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,11]]}}}