{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,27]],"date-time":"2026-08-27T11:12:17Z","timestamp":1787829137464,"version":"build-2784847793"},"reference-count":36,"publisher":"Wiley","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,23]],"date-time":"2023-06-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1687478400000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Canadian Journal of Gastroenterology and Hepatology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,23]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Cardiovascular diseases are currently one of the most important causes of morbidity and mortality in liver transplant patients over the long term. Therefore, evaluating prognostic factors for cardiovascular events (CVEs) in this population is essential for taking preventive measures. The aim of this study was to identify the impact of diabetes and other metabolic disorders on CVEs in liver transplant patients. Three hundred fifty-six liver transplant recipients who survived at least 6\u2009months after surgery were enrolled. Patients were followed for a median time of 118\u2009months (12\u2013250\u2009months). All cardiovascular events were carefully recorded and detailed in the patients\u2019 charts. Demographic data, diabetes, hypertension, dyslipidemia, weight changes, and a diagnosis of metabolic syndrome both before and after transplantation were noted to assess their possible relationship with CVE. The presence of a diagnosis of metabolic-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) was also evaluated. Immunosuppressive therapy was included in the analysis. Diabetes mellitus (DM), especially when present before transplantation, was strongly associated with CVEs (hazard risk HR 3.10; 95% confidence interval CI: 1.60\u20136.03). Metabolic syndrome was found to be associated with CVEs in univariate analysis (HR 3.24; 95% CI: 1.36\u20137.8), while pretransplantation and de novo MAFLD were not. Immunosuppressive therapy had no influence on predisposing transplanted patients to CVEs during follow-up. Further prospective studies may be useful in investigating the risk factors for CVEs after liver transplantation and improving the long-term survival of transplant patients.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1155\/2023\/2199193","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,23]],"date-time":"2023-06-23T19:20:23Z","timestamp":1687548023000},"page":"1-9","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Diabetes and Metabolic Disorders: Their Impact on Cardiovascular Events in Liver Transplant Patients"],"prefix":"10.1155","volume":"2023","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6414-4404","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Simone","family":"Di Cola","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Translational and Precision Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Viale Dell\u2019Universit\u00e0 37, Rome 00185, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0004-7911-2247","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Giulia","family":"Cusi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Translational and Precision Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Viale Dell\u2019Universit\u00e0 37, Rome 00185, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6761-4969","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Lucia","family":"Lapenna","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Translational and Precision Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Viale Dell\u2019Universit\u00e0 37, Rome 00185, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2246-2217","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Jakub","family":"Gazda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"2nd Department of Internal Medicine, Pavol Jozef Safarik University and Louis Pasteur University Hospital, Trieda SNP 1, Kosice 040 11, Slovakia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0005-4889-5418","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Stefano","family":"Fonte","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Translational and Precision Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Viale Dell\u2019Universit\u00e0 37, Rome 00185, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0002-2081-3386","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Marco","family":"Mattana","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Translational and Precision Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Viale Dell\u2019Universit\u00e0 37, Rome 00185, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6412-6863","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Gianluca","family":"Mennini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Hepato-Biliopancreatic and Transplant Surgery, Sapienza University of Rome, Viale Del Policlinico 155, Rome 00161, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5560-1979","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Patrizio","family":"Pasqualetti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, Faculty of Pharmacy and Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, Rome 00185, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3173-9767","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Manuela","family":"Merli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Translational and Precision Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Viale Dell\u2019Universit\u00e0 37, Rome 00185, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","reference":[{"key":"1","article-title":"ELTR data on liver transplantation in Europe","author":"European Liver Transplant Registry","year":"2020"},{"key":"2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/liv.12553"},{"key":"3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.53738\/revmed.2019.15.660.1488"},{"key":"4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bpg.2020.101683"},{"key":"5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bpg.2020.101681"},{"key":"6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/tp.0000000000002147"},{"key":"7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/nu11123015"},{"key":"8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.transproceed.2012.06.022"},{"key":"9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/liv.12495"},{"key":"10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3748\/wjg.v26.i18.2138"},{"key":"11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1478-3231.2010.02274.x"},{"issue":"2","key":"12","first-page":"183","article-title":"Metabolic and cardiovascular complications in the liver transplant recipient","volume":"28","author":"L. 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