{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,18]],"date-time":"2026-06-18T04:15:19Z","timestamp":1781756119138,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":63,"publisher":"Wiley","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,22]],"date-time":"2023-02-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1677024000000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Journal of Immunology Research"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,22]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Background. Although the monkeypox virus-associated illness was previously confined to Africa, recently, it has started to spread across the globe and become a significant threat to human lives. Hence, this study was designed to identify the B and T cell epitopes and develop an epitope-based peptide vaccine against this virus\u2019s cell surface binding protein through an in silico approach to combat monkeypox-associated diseases. Results. The analysis revealed that the cell surface binding protein of the monkeypox virus contains 30 B cell and 19 T cell epitopes within the given parameter. Among the T cell epitopes, epitope \u201cILFLMSQRY\u201d was found to be one of the most potential peptide vaccine candidates. The docking analysis revealed an excellent binding affinity of this epitope with the human receptor HLA-B<jats:inline-formula>\n                     <a:math xmlns:a=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M1\">\n                        <a:msup>\n                           <a:mrow\/>\n                           <a:mrow>\n                              <a:mo>\u2217<\/a:mo>\n                           <\/a:mrow>\n                        <\/a:msup>\n                     <\/a:math>\n                  <\/jats:inline-formula>15:01 with a very low binding energy (-7.5\u2009kcal\/mol). Conclusion. The outcome of this research will aid the development of a T cell epitope-based peptide vaccine, and the discovered B and T cell epitopes will facilitate the creation of other epitope and multi-epitope-based vaccines in the future. This research will also serve as a basis for further in vitro and in vivo analysis to develop a vaccine that is effective against the monkeypox virus.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1155\/2023\/2274415","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,22]],"date-time":"2023-02-22T22:50:09Z","timestamp":1677106209000},"page":"1-14","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["Identification of B and T Cell Epitopes to Design an Epitope-Based Peptide Vaccine against the Cell Surface Binding Protein of Monkeypox Virus: An Immunoinformatics Study"],"prefix":"10.1155","volume":"2023","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6463-9418","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Lincon","family":"Mazumder","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology, Jagannath University, Dhaka 1100, Bangladesh"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4880-9311","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Md. Rakibul","family":"Hasan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology, Jagannath University, Dhaka 1100, Bangladesh"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5679-3244","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Kanij","family":"Fatema","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology, Jagannath University, Dhaka 1100, Bangladesh"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shamima","family":"Begum","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology, Jagannath University, Dhaka 1100, Bangladesh"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9848-2313","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Abul Kalam","family":"Azad","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology, Jagannath University, Dhaka 1100, Bangladesh"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0451-4773","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Mohammad Ariful","family":"Islam","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology, Jagannath University, Dhaka 1100, Bangladesh"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","reference":[{"key":"1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41579-020-00459-7"},{"key":"2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2022\/3883822"},{"issue":"5","key":"3","first-page":"599","article-title":"Isolation and properties of the causal agent of a new variola-like disease (monkeypox) in man","volume":"46","author":"S. S. Marennikova","year":"1972","journal-title":"Bulletin of the World Health Organization"},{"key":"4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1473-3099(22)00228-6"},{"key":"5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41579-022-00776-z"},{"issue":"4","key":"6","first-page":"459","article-title":"Clinico-epidemiological features of monkeypox patients with an animal or human source of infection","volume":"66","author":"Z. Jezek","year":"1988","journal-title":"Bulletin of the World Health Organization"},{"key":"7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0007791"},{"key":"8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.2005.73.428"},{"key":"9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jinf.2022.05.028"},{"key":"10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3201\/eid2604.191164"},{"key":"11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/ciaa143"},{"key":"12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nm1273"},{"key":"13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-022-20397-z"},{"key":"14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1743-422x-7-173"},{"key":"15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.73.10.8750-8761.1999"},{"key":"16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2022.1035924"},{"key":"17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2017\/2680160"},{"key":"18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2021.01.011"},{"key":"19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2147\/aabc.s115859"},{"key":"20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-021-99227-7"},{"key":"21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pbio.3001464"},{"key":"22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-2836(05)80360-2"},{"key":"23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1099\/mgen.0.000093"},{"key":"24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41596-021-00628-9"},{"key":"25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1914677117"},{"key":"26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/prot.22570"},{"key":"27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/pro.5560020916"},{"key":"28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/356083a0"},{"key":"29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1107\/s0021889892009944"},{"key":"30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/bioinformatics\/btq662"},{"key":"31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/bioinformatics\/btz828"},{"key":"32","volume-title":"The PyMOL Molecular Graphics System, Version 2.0","author":"E. Likova","year":"2015"},{"key":"33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/prot.21078"},{"key":"34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2105-8-4"},{"key":"35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0073957"},{"key":"36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00894-014-2278-5"},{"key":"37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1745-6150-8-30"},{"key":"38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2105-9-514"},{"key":"39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vacrep.2016.07.002"},{"key":"40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2105-8-424"},{"key":"41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jim.2010.10.010"},{"key":"42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2105-6-132"},{"key":"43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/bib\/bbab308"},{"key":"44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/28.1.235"},{"key":"45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.jcim.1c00203"},{"key":"46","volume-title":"Discovery Studio Modeling Environment","author":"D. S. Biovia","year":"2015"},{"key":"47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/pro.3289"},{"key":"48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fmed.2022.829467"},{"key":"49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/gku339"},{"key":"50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.13188\/2572-8679.1000006"},{"key":"51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s42452-020-03598-x"},{"key":"52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5808\/gi.21043"},{"key":"53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2022\/4302625"},{"key":"54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.6026\/007\/97320630007299"},{"key":"55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2147\/DDDT.S67861"},{"key":"56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2017\/5212910"},{"key":"57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.78.15.8312-8321.2004"},{"key":"58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/heapol\/czw177"},{"key":"59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.22146\/ijp.1497"},{"key":"60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10989-021-10205-z"},{"key":"61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/07391102.2022.2158942"},{"key":"62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-020-80899-6"},{"key":"63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/vaccines10091564"}],"container-title":["Journal of Immunology Research"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/downloads.hindawi.com\/journals\/jir\/2023\/2274415.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/downloads.hindawi.com\/journals\/jir\/2023\/2274415.xml","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/downloads.hindawi.com\/journals\/jir\/2023\/2274415.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,22]],"date-time":"2023-02-22T22:50:12Z","timestamp":1677106212000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.hindawi.com\/journals\/jir\/2023\/2274415\/"}},"subtitle":[],"editor":[{"given":"Srinivasa Reddy","family":"Bonam","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"editor"}]}],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,22]]},"references-count":63,"alternative-id":["2274415","2274415"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1155\/2023\/2274415","relation":{},"ISSN":["2314-7156","2314-8861"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2314-7156","type":"electronic"},{"value":"2314-8861","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,22]]}}}