{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,7]],"date-time":"2025-11-07T00:14:33Z","timestamp":1762474473439,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":17,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,19]],"date-time":"2023-10-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1697673600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":291,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Case Reports in Pediatrics"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    <jats:italic>Background<\/jats:italic>\n                    . Symptomatic hypocalcemia secondary to vitamin D deficiency (VDD) is rare among adolescents without underlying medical disorders, but its prevalence is higher in known risk populations. We report on three adolescent males with low nutritional intake of vitamin D and calcium and limited sun exposure who presented with hypocalcemic tetany and muscle cramps due to VDD during the COVID\u201019 pandemic.\n                    <jats:italic>Case Reports<\/jats:italic>\n                    . Three adolescent males (age range 14 to 16\u2009years) presented with symptomatic hypocalcemia: paresthesia, carpopedal spasms, and muscle cramps. All reported limited dairy intake and sun exposure. Laboratory studies showed mean ionized calcium (iCa) 2.73\u2009mg\/dl (range 2.69\u20132.8), mean phosphorus 4.17\u2009mg\/dl (range, 3\u20135.4), mean parathyroid hormone (PTH) 431.67\u2009pg\/mL (range, 320\u2013527), and mean 25\u2010hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) 7.37\u2009ng\/mL (range 5.3\u201310.8). All the patients presented during the COVID\u201019 pandemic, and one had COVID\u201019 infection. All were treated with oral calcium and high dose ergocalciferol. Patients 2 and 3 were also treated with intravenous calcium gluconate infusion and oral calcitriol.\n                    <jats:italic>Conclusion<\/jats:italic>\n                    . Severe VDD with symptomatic hypocalcemia can occur among adolescents without underlying medical diagnoses due to dietary and behavioral habits that limit nutritional intake and sun exposure. Risk factors of the patients may have been potentiated by pandemic\u2010related behaviors such as more time indoors at home related to social distancing, as well as diets with limited nutrient intake. Adolescents presenting with nonspecific musculoskeletal symptoms should be screened for VDD and hypocalcemia. Appropriate treatment and preventive measures can stop immediate and long\u2010term complications.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1155\/2023\/3588196","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,19]],"date-time":"2023-10-19T18:50:09Z","timestamp":1697741409000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Symptomatic Hypocalcemia due to Nutritional Vitamin D Deficiency in Three Adolescents during the COVID\u201019 Pandemic"],"prefix":"10.1155","volume":"2023","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0391-3759","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sabitha","family":"Sasidharan Pillai","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1219-9921","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lisa Swartz","family":"Topor","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,19]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_1_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41430-021-00880-y"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2011-2218"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2010\/472173"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12020-021-02882-z"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4103\/2230-8210.145043"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_6_2","article-title":"Symptomatic hypocalcemia due to nutritional vitamin D deficiency in three healthy teenagers","volume":"38","author":"Sasidharan Pillai S.","year":"2022","journal-title":"Journal of Bone and Mineral Research"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.24911\/ejmcr\/173-1589037287"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/s0029665117004104"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/adc.2003.026799"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archpedi.158.6.531"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/dbp.0000000000001096"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/2333794x221086466"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/11786388211018726"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamapediatrics.2017.1769"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11914-017-0383-y"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ndtplus\/sfr029"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2008-1862"}],"container-title":["Case Reports in Pediatrics"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/downloads.hindawi.com\/journals\/cripe\/2023\/3588196.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/downloads.hindawi.com\/journals\/cripe\/2023\/3588196.xml","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1155\/2023\/3588196","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,7]],"date-time":"2025-11-07T00:10:14Z","timestamp":1762474214000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1155\/2023\/3588196"}},"subtitle":[],"editor":[{"given":"Carmelo","family":"Romeo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"editor","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,1]]},"references-count":17,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,1]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1155\/2023\/3588196"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1155\/2023\/3588196","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["2090-6803","2090-6811"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"2090-6803"},{"type":"electronic","value":"2090-6811"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,1]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2023-01-20","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2023-03-22","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2023-10-19","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}],"article-number":"3588196"}}