{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,22]],"date-time":"2026-01-22T15:47:09Z","timestamp":1769096829146,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":21,"publisher":"Wiley","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,30]],"date-time":"2023-09-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1696032000000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Cardiology Research and Practice"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,30]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Objective. We investigated the potential use of galectin-3 (Gal-3) as a prognostic indicator for patients with cardiogenic shock and developed a predictive mortality model for venoarterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (VA-ECMO). Methods. We prospectively studied patients (survivors and nonsurvivors) who received VA-ECMO for cardiogenic shock from 2019 to 2021. We recorded baseline data, Gal-3, and B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP) before ECMO and 24\u201372\u2009h after ECMO. We used multivariable logistic regression to analyze significant risk factors and construct a VA-ECMO death prediction model. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were plotted to assess the predictive efficacy of the model. Results. We enrolled 73 patients with cardiogenic shock who received VA-ECMO support; 38 (52.05%) died in hospital. The median age was 57\u2009years (interquartile range (IQR): 48\u201367\u2009years); the median duration of ECMO therapy was 5.8\u2009days (IQR: 4.62\u20137.57\u2009days); and the median intensive care unit stay was 19.04\u2009days (IQR: 13.92\u201326.15\u2009days). Compared with the nonsurvivors, survivors had lower acute physiology and chronic health evaluation (APACHE) II scores (<jats:inline-formula>\n                     <a:math xmlns:a=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M1\">\n                        <a:mi>p<\/a:mi>\n                     <\/a:math>\n                  <\/jats:inline-formula>\u2009&lt;\u20090.001), increased left ventricular ejection fraction (<jats:inline-formula>\n                     <c:math xmlns:c=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M2\">\n                        <c:mi>p<\/c:mi>\n                     <\/c:math>\n                  <\/jats:inline-formula>\u2009&lt;\u20090.05), lower Gal-3 levels at 24 and 72\u2009h (both <jats:inline-formula>\n                     <e:math xmlns:e=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M3\">\n                        <e:mi>p<\/e:mi>\n                     <\/e:math>\n                  <\/jats:inline-formula>\u2009=\u20090.001), lower BNP levels at 24 and 72\u2009h (both <jats:inline-formula>\n                     <g:math xmlns:g=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M4\">\n                        <g:mi>p<\/g:mi>\n                     <\/g:math>\n                  <\/jats:inline-formula>\u2009=\u20090.001), and higher platelet counts (<jats:inline-formula>\n                     <i:math xmlns:i=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M5\">\n                        <i:mi>p<\/i:mi>\n                     <\/i:math>\n                  <\/jats:inline-formula>\u2009=\u20090.009). Further multivariable analysis showed that APACHE II score, BNP-T72, and Gal-3-T72 were independent risk factors for death in VA-ECMO patients. Gal-3 and BNP were positively correlated (<jats:inline-formula>\n                     <k:math xmlns:k=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M6\">\n                        <k:mi>p<\/k:mi>\n                     <\/k:math>\n                  <\/jats:inline-formula>\u2009&lt;\u20090.05) and decreased significantly during ECMO treatment. The areas under the ROC curve (AUC) for APACHE II score, Gal-3-T72, and BNP-T72 were 0.687, 0.799, and 0.723, respectively. We constructed a combined prediction model with an AUC of 0.884 (<jats:inline-formula>\n                     <m:math xmlns:m=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M7\">\n                        <m:mi>p<\/m:mi>\n                     <\/m:math>\n                  <\/jats:inline-formula>\u2009&lt;\u20090.01). Conclusion. Gal-3 may serve as a prognostic indicator for patients receiving VA-ECMO for cardiogenic shock. The combined early warning score is a simple and effective tool for predicting mortality in VA-ECMO patients.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1155\/2023\/3917156","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,1]],"date-time":"2023-10-01T01:20:12Z","timestamp":1696123212000},"page":"1-8","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Serum Galectin-3 Predicts Mortality in Venoarterial Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation Patients"],"prefix":"10.1155","volume":"2023","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8138-8876","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Jianlong","family":"Zhu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Critical Care Medicine, Ganzhou People\u2019s Hospital, Ganzhou 341000, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Dehui","family":"Guo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Critical Care Medicine, Quannan People\u2019s Hospital, Ganzhou 341000, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Liying","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Blood Transfusion, Ganzhou People\u2019s Hospital, Ganzhou 341000, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jing","family":"Zhong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Critical Care Medicine, Quannan People\u2019s Hospital, Ganzhou 341000, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","reference":[{"key":"1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/circulationaha.106.613596"},{"key":"2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/mcc.0000000000000845"},{"key":"3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/2048872617741735"},{"key":"4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehq220"},{"key":"5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.18565\/cardio.2016.6.17-22"},{"key":"6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.cir.0000147181.65298.4d"},{"key":"7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3949\/ccjm.83a.15021"},{"key":"8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.14715\/cmb\/2020.66.3.19"},{"key":"9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.athoracsur.2005.12.061"},{"key":"10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s43044-020-00108-7"},{"key":"11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ehf2.13032"},{"key":"12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm11247406"},{"key":"13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/mat.0000000000000610"},{"key":"14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jchf.2020.09.005"},{"key":"15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ejhf.260"},{"key":"16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cjca.2022.09.001"},{"key":"17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11897-021-00514-1"},{"key":"18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1042\/cs20171389"},{"key":"19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbagen.2005.12.020"},{"key":"20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehv194"},{"key":"21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2020\/3129864"}],"container-title":["Cardiology Research and Practice"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/downloads.hindawi.com\/journals\/crp\/2023\/3917156.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/downloads.hindawi.com\/journals\/crp\/2023\/3917156.xml","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/downloads.hindawi.com\/journals\/crp\/2023\/3917156.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,1]],"date-time":"2023-10-01T01:20:14Z","timestamp":1696123214000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.hindawi.com\/journals\/crp\/2023\/3917156\/"}},"subtitle":[],"editor":[{"given":"Rongjun","family":"Zou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"editor","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,30]]},"references-count":21,"alternative-id":["3917156","3917156"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1155\/2023\/3917156","relation":{},"ISSN":["2090-0597","2090-8016"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2090-0597","type":"electronic"},{"value":"2090-8016","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,30]]}}}