{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,9]],"date-time":"2026-07-09T04:56:08Z","timestamp":1783572968373,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":12,"publisher":"Wiley","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,26]],"date-time":"2023-06-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1687737600000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["International Journal of Clinical Practice"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,26]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Objective. The present study observed the therapeutic effect and possible side effects of Q-switch 1064-nm laser with large-spot and low-energy technology in the treatment of patients with combined freckles and chloasma. Methods. A Q1064-nm laser with a large-spot diameter of 6\u20138\u2009mm, energy level of 2.0\u20133.3\u2009J\/cm2, frequency of 10\u2009Hz, and pulse width of 10\u2009ns was employed for the treatment. Each patient underwent treatment 10\u201315 times, with an interval of 10\u201315\u2009days each time. Facial care was administered before and after treatment; attention was paid to cleaning and moisturizing, avoiding light, and using sunscreens strictly. The therapeutic effects were observed and evaluated. Results. Freckles basically subsided (effective rate\u2009=\u2009100%) and chloasma faded (effective rate\u2009=\u200939.4%). Furthermore, whitening and delicacy improvement were observed in the surrounding normal skin area. After laser treatment, confocal laser scanning microscopy revealed a large number of melanin particles in the upper part of the granular layer. Moreover, the amount of melanin in the middle and lower parts of the basal layer and spinous layer was significantly decreased. None of the patients developed postinflammatory pigmentation. Conclusion. In the treatment of freckles with chloasma, Q 1064-nm laser large-spot, low-energy technology not only removed freckles and faded chloasma but, most importantly, also reduced the incidence of postinflammatory pigmentation and improved patient satisfaction. This provided new methods and ideas for freckle laser treatment.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1155\/2023\/4081427","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,26]],"date-time":"2023-06-26T18:50:06Z","timestamp":1687805406000},"page":"1-6","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Treatment of Combined Freckles with Chloasma Using Q-Switched 1064\u2009nm Laser"],"prefix":"10.1155","volume":"2023","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0003-8802-5236","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Han","family":"Zheng","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Laser Center, Hangzhou Third People\u2019s Hospital, Hangzhou 310009, Zhejiang, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gang","family":"Qiao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Laser Center, Hangzhou Third People\u2019s Hospital, Hangzhou 310009, Zhejiang, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yong","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Laser Center, Hangzhou Third People\u2019s Hospital, Hangzhou 310009, Zhejiang, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","reference":[{"key":"1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00403-007-0801-6"},{"key":"2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/medicina58070936"},{"key":"3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2022.02.055"},{"key":"4","first-page":"529","article-title":"[Expert consensus on melasma treatment in China (2015)]","volume":"49","author":"Pigmentary Diseases Group of the Chinese Society of Integrative Medicine","year":"2016","journal-title":"Chinese Journal of Dermatology"},{"key":"5","volume-title":"Cosmetic Laser Medicine","author":"T. W. Gao","year":"2004"},{"key":"6","volume-title":"Clinical Dermatology","author":"B. Zhao","year":"2001"},{"key":"7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5021\/ad.2019.31.2.127"},{"key":"8","first-page":"715","article-title":"[Officacy of melasma treated by Q-switch Nd:YAG laser]","volume":"19","author":"Y. S. Huang","year":"2010","journal-title":"Chin J Aesthet Med"},{"key":"9","first-page":"347","article-title":"Basic theory in laser therapy for melasma: subcelluar selective photothermolysis","volume":"22","author":"I. H. Kim","year":"2009","journal-title":"Pigment Cell and Melanoma Research"},{"key":"10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/lsm.23474"},{"key":"11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/lsm.20956"},{"issue":"2","key":"12","first-page":"61","article-title":"Low-power fractional carbon dioxide laser followed by jessner's peel versus jessner's peel alone for the treatment of melasma","volume":"14","author":"E. Elmorsy","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Clin Aesthet Dermatol"}],"container-title":["International Journal of Clinical Practice"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/downloads.hindawi.com\/journals\/ijclp\/2023\/4081427.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/downloads.hindawi.com\/journals\/ijclp\/2023\/4081427.xml","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/downloads.hindawi.com\/journals\/ijclp\/2023\/4081427.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,26]],"date-time":"2023-06-26T18:50:15Z","timestamp":1687805415000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.hindawi.com\/journals\/ijclp\/2023\/4081427\/"}},"subtitle":[],"editor":[{"given":"Leandro Napier","family":"de Souza","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"editor"}]}],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,26]]},"references-count":12,"alternative-id":["4081427","4081427"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1155\/2023\/4081427","relation":{},"ISSN":["1742-1241","1368-5031"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1742-1241","type":"electronic"},{"value":"1368-5031","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,26]]}}}