{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,11]],"date-time":"2025-10-11T17:53:28Z","timestamp":1760205208034,"version":"3.41.2"},"reference-count":73,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,21]],"date-time":"2023-02-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1676937600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":51,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004748","name":"Mashhad University of Medical Sciences","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["990614"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["990614"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004748","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Peritoneal adhesions (PAs) occur and develop after abdominal surgery. Abdominal adhesions are common and often develop after abdominal surgery. Currently, there are no effective targeted pharmacotherapies for treating adhesive disease. In this regard, ginger is wildly used in traditional medicine because of its anti\u2010inflammatory and antioxidant effects and has been investigated for peritoneal adhesion treatment. This study analyzed ginger ethanolic extraction via HPLC to have a 6\u2010gingerol concentration. Four groups induced peritoneal adhesion to evaluate ginger\u2019s effects on peritoneal adhesion. Then, ginger extract (50, 150, and 450\u2009mg\/kg) was administered by gavage in various groups of male Wistar rats (220\u2009\u00b1\u200920\u2009g, 6\u20138\u2009weeks). After scarifying the animals for biological assessment, macroscopic and microscopic parameters were determined via scoring systems and immunoassays in the peritoneal lavage fluid. Next, the adhesion scores and interleukin IL\u20106, IL\u201010, tumor necrosis factor\u2010(TNF\u2010) <jats:italic>\u03b1<\/jats:italic>, transforming growth factor\u2010(TGF\u2010) <jats:italic>\u03b2<\/jats:italic>1, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), and malondialdehyde (MDA) were elevated in the control group. The results showed that ginger extract (450\u2009mg\/kg) notably decreased inflammatory (IL\u20106 and TNF\u2010<jats:italic>\u03b1<\/jats:italic>), fibrosis (TGF\u2010<jats:italic>\u03b2<\/jats:italic>1), anti\u2010inflammatory cytokine (IL\u201010), angiogenesis (VEGF), and oxidative (MDA) factors, while increased antioxidant factor glutathione (GSH), compared to the control group. These findings suggest that a hydro\u2010alcoholic extract of ginger is a potentially novel therapeutic strategy for inhibiting adhesion formation. Also, it might be considered a beneficial anti\u2010inflammatory or antifibrosis herbal medicine in clinical trials. However, further clinical studies are required to approve the effectiveness of ginger.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1155\/2023\/4086631","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,21]],"date-time":"2023-02-21T13:35:38Z","timestamp":1676986538000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Oral Administration Evaluation of the Hydro\u2010Ethanolic Extract of Ginger (Rhizome of <i>Zingiber officinale<\/i>) against Postoperative\u2010Induced Peritoneal Adhesion: Investigating the Role of Anti\u2010Inflammatory and Antioxidative Effects"],"prefix":"10.1155","volume":"2023","author":[{"given":"Roghayeh","family":"Yahyazadeh","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Vafa","family":"Baradaran Rahimi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Seyed Ahmad","family":"Mohajeri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Milad","family":"Iranshahy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ahmad","family":"Yahyazadeh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Maede","family":"Hasanpour","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mehrdad","family":"Iranshahi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9268-6270","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Vahid Reza","family":"Askari","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_1_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00595-013-0591-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3238\/arztebl.2010.0769"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/13814788.2015.1055466"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_4_2","first-page":"181","article-title":"Influence of abdominal incision on the formation of postoperative peritoneal adhesions: an experimental study in rats","volume":"162","author":"Moreno A.","year":"1996","journal-title":"The European journal of surgery= Acta chirurgica"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00195870"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/s0140-6736(19)32636-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1515\/med-2016-0021"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1553350610379869"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopha.2018.01.068"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10787-021-00819-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2021\/8437753"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.msard.2018.07.015"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopha.2017.05.114"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2021\/5945101"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1055\/a-1118-3918"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00210-020-01961-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00003246-200205001-00007"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/nejm200010053431407"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/01480545.2019.1572182"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2019.105923"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopha.2018.10.024"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.189.9.1467"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1517\/13543776.11.9.1383"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_24_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.actbio.2020.08.036"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_25_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jss.2009.09.015"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_26_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"GrantK. 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