{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,9]],"date-time":"2025-12-09T08:27:51Z","timestamp":1765268871872,"version":"3.37.3"},"reference-count":33,"publisher":"Wiley","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,14]],"date-time":"2023-03-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1678752000000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["81872538","21874014"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["81872538","21874014"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Journal of Immunology Research"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,14]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Background. Granuloma annulare (GA) and sarcoidosis are granulomatous inflammatory diseases that share similarities. Objective. To identify the histological and immunohistochemical (IHC) features of GA and sarcoidosis. Methods. A retrospective review of 36 patients with GA and 26 with sarcoidosis was performed. Results from hematoxylin and eosin (H&amp;E) staining and IHC staining of MMP-9 and pSTAT1 within the skin lesions of GA and sarcoidosis were analyzed, and random forest was applied for developing a predictive model. Results. Significantly greater expressions of MMP-9 (especially in elastic fibers, EFs, <jats:inline-formula>\n                     <a:math xmlns:a=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M1\">\n                        <a:mi>P<\/a:mi>\n                        <a:mo>&lt;<\/a:mo>\n                        <a:mn>0.0001<\/a:mn>\n                     <\/a:math>\n                  <\/jats:inline-formula>) and pSTAT1 (<jats:inline-formula>\n                     <c:math xmlns:c=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M2\">\n                        <c:mi>P<\/c:mi>\n                        <c:mo>=<\/c:mo>\n                        <c:mn>0.0003<\/c:mn>\n                     <\/c:math>\n                  <\/jats:inline-formula>) were observed in lesion samples of GA versus sarcoidosis patients. In GA patients, MMP-9 was significantly upregulated in the interstitial type (<jats:inline-formula>\n                     <e:math xmlns:e=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M3\">\n                        <e:mi>P<\/e:mi>\n                        <e:mo>=<\/e:mo>\n                        <e:mn>0.0222<\/e:mn>\n                     <\/e:math>\n                  <\/jats:inline-formula>), while staining of pSTAT1 was positively correlated with the area of mucinous collagen in palisading GA (<jats:inline-formula>\n                     <g:math xmlns:g=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M4\">\n                        <g:mi>R<\/g:mi>\n                        <g:mo>=<\/g:mo>\n                        <g:mn>0.5356<\/g:mn>\n                     <\/g:math>\n                  <\/jats:inline-formula>, <jats:inline-formula>\n                     <i:math xmlns:i=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M5\">\n                        <i:mi>P<\/i:mi>\n                        <i:mo>=<\/i:mo>\n                        <i:mn>0.0484<\/i:mn>\n                     <\/i:math>\n                  <\/jats:inline-formula>). In sarcoidosis patients, MMP-9 (<jats:inline-formula>\n                     <k:math xmlns:k=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M6\">\n                        <k:mi>R<\/k:mi>\n                        <k:mo>=<\/k:mo>\n                        <k:mo>\u2212<\/k:mo>\n                        <k:mn>0.7127<\/k:mn>\n                     <\/k:math>\n                  <\/jats:inline-formula>, <jats:inline-formula>\n                     <m:math xmlns:m=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M7\">\n                        <m:mi>P<\/m:mi>\n                        <m:mo>=<\/m:mo>\n                        <m:mn>0.0009<\/m:mn>\n                     <\/m:math>\n                  <\/jats:inline-formula>) and pSTAT1 (<jats:inline-formula>\n                     <o:math xmlns:o=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M8\">\n                        <o:mi>R<\/o:mi>\n                        <o:mo>=<\/o:mo>\n                        <o:mo>\u2212<\/o:mo>\n                        <o:mn>0.5604<\/o:mn>\n                     <\/o:math>\n                  <\/jats:inline-formula>, <jats:inline-formula>\n                     <q:math xmlns:q=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M9\">\n                        <q:mi>P<\/q:mi>\n                        <q:mo>=<\/q:mo>\n                        <q:mn>0.0067<\/q:mn>\n                     <\/q:math>\n                  <\/jats:inline-formula>) were found to show stronger expressions in lesions with less lymphocyte infiltration. The predictive model demonstrated an AUC of 0.9675. Conclusion. These results indicate that MMP-9 and pSTAT1 might exert roles in granulomatous inflammation in different modes, and the presence of more robust MMP-9 staining in EFs appears to be more suggestive of GA.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1155\/2023\/4098459","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,15]],"date-time":"2023-03-15T09:59:47Z","timestamp":1678874387000},"page":"1-10","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Immunohistochemical Features of MMP-9 and pSTAT1 in Granuloma Annulare and Sarcoidosis: A Comparative Study of 62 Cases"],"prefix":"10.1155","volume":"2023","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3389-5600","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Ze","family":"Wu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology, General Hospital of Northern Theater Command, No. 83 Wenhua Road, Shenhe District, 110016 Shenyang, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0005-3400-8726","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Linghui","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology, General Hospital of Northern Theater Command, No. 83 Wenhua Road, Shenhe District, 110016 Shenyang, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4086-0780","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Hui","family":"Qu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Medicine and Biological Information Engineering, Northeastern University, No. 3-11, Wenhua Road, Heping District, 110819 Shenyang, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5856-4584","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Rui-Qun","family":"Qi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, No. 155 Nanjing Bei Street, Heping District, 110001 Shenyang, China"},{"name":"Key Laboratory of Immunodermatology, Ministry of Education and NHC, National Joint Engineering Research Center for Theranostics of Immunological Skin Diseases, No. 155 Nanjing Bei Street, Heping District, 110001 Shenyang, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7371-917X","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Jun","family":"Niu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology, General Hospital of Northern Theater Command, No. 83 Wenhua Road, Shenhe District, 110016 Shenyang, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","reference":[{"key":"1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s40257-021-00636-1"},{"issue":"5","key":"2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"699.e1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2012.02.003","article-title":"Sarcoidosis: a comprehensive review and update for the dermatologist: part i. Cutaneous disease","volume":"66","author":"A. Haimovic","year":"2012","journal-title":"Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology"},{"key":"3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1468-3083.2009.03517.x"},{"key":"4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2015.03.054"},{"key":"5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/cup.13455"},{"key":"6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1468-3083.2009.03153.x"},{"key":"7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/DAD.0000000000000125"},{"key":"8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/ced.13210"},{"issue":"13","key":"9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.2340\/00015555-3508","article-title":"Annular sarcoidosis with geographic appearance in a patient with systemic sarcoidosis","volume":"100","author":"H. Takama","year":"2020","journal-title":"Acta Dermato-Venereologica"},{"issue":"5964","key":"10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"466","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1179663","article-title":"Tuberculous granuloma induction via interaction of a bacterial secreted protein with host epithelium","volume":"327","author":"H. E. Volkman","year":"2010","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2011.10"},{"key":"12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.02048-05"},{"key":"13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1165\/rcmb.2018-0346OC"},{"key":"14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2019.05.098"},{"key":"15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2021.03.003"},{"issue":"1","key":"16","first-page":"187","article-title":"The promise of JAK inhibitors for treatment of sarcoidosis and other inflammatory disorders with macrophage activation: a review of the literature","volume":"93","author":"A. Wang","year":"2020","journal-title":"The Yale Journal of Biology and Medicine"},{"key":"17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/1346-8138.13662"},{"key":"18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/2162402X.2022.2032918"},{"key":"19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clim.2009.04.010"},{"key":"20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-017-04109-6"},{"key":"21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.18632\/aging.204277"},{"key":"22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/dth.15188"},{"key":"23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2014.11.001"},{"key":"24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.0303-6987.2004.00194.x"},{"key":"25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI57423"},{"key":"26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nri1418"},{"key":"27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-021-22953-z"},{"issue":"20","key":"28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms20205234","article-title":"Matrix metalloproteinase-3 is key effector of TNF-\u03b1-induced collagen degradation in skin","volume":"20","author":"U. Mirastschijski","year":"2019","journal-title":"International Journal of Molecular Sciences"},{"key":"29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7150\/jca.48664"},{"key":"30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1182\/bloodadvances.2019000537"},{"key":"31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0080908"},{"key":"32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s004030000150"},{"key":"33","article-title":"LINC00870 regulates Th1\/Th2 via the JAK\/STAT pathway in peripheral blood mononuclear cells infected with Mycobacterium tuberculosis","volume":"102, article 107188","author":"W. Jianfang","year":"2022","journal-title":"International Immunopharmacology"}],"container-title":["Journal of Immunology Research"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/downloads.hindawi.com\/journals\/jir\/2023\/4098459.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/downloads.hindawi.com\/journals\/jir\/2023\/4098459.xml","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/downloads.hindawi.com\/journals\/jir\/2023\/4098459.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,15]],"date-time":"2023-03-15T09:59:57Z","timestamp":1678874397000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.hindawi.com\/journals\/jir\/2023\/4098459\/"}},"subtitle":[],"editor":[{"given":"Bufu","family":"Tang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"editor","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,14]]},"references-count":33,"alternative-id":["4098459","4098459"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1155\/2023\/4098459","relation":{},"ISSN":["2314-7156","2314-8861"],"issn-type":[{"type":"electronic","value":"2314-7156"},{"type":"print","value":"2314-8861"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,14]]}}}