{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T01:49:16Z","timestamp":1787017756702,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":19,"publisher":"Wiley","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,24]],"date-time":"2023-08-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1692835200000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Case Reports in Gastrointestinal Medicine"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,24]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Gastrointestinal stromal tumours (GISTs) are the most common mesenchymal tumours of the GI tract, usually found in the stomach, jejunum, and ileum. Typically, they are KIT or PDGFR-mutated, allowing for targetable treatments with tyrosine kinase inhibitors such as imatinib. Here, we present two KRAS-mutated wild-type gastrointestinal tumours (GISTs). Both cases occurred in the small bowel of females. Immunohistochemical studies on both tumours showed KIT and DOG-1 positivity, with SDHB retained. Molecular analysis revealed a KRAS G12D mutation and a KRAS G13D mutation, respectively. Wild-type GISTs are extremely uncommon. They typically occur in the stomach or the small bowel. KRAS is one of the genes implicated in this subset of GIST, with KRAS G12D being the most frequently encountered mutation. GIST KRAS mutations can arise alone or in conjunction with KIT, PDFRA, or BRAF mutations. Identification of these rare molecular subtypes is clinically important due to their resistance to imatinib therapy.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1155\/2023\/4248128","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,24]],"date-time":"2023-08-24T11:50:14Z","timestamp":1692877814000},"page":"1-6","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumours (GISTs) with KRAS Mutation: A Rare but Important Subset of GISTs"],"prefix":"10.1155","volume":"2023","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9035-9564","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Dorinda","family":"Mullen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Anatomical Pathology, Laboratory Medicine Program, University Health Network, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2864-9317","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Rajkumar","family":"Vajpeyi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Anatomical Pathology, Laboratory Medicine Program, University Health Network, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7440-3633","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Jose-Mario","family":"Capo-Chichi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Laboratory Genetics, Laboratory Medicine Program, University Health Network, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9750-2573","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Klaudia","family":"Nowak","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Anatomical Pathology, Laboratory Medicine Program, University Health Network, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9537-4106","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Newton","family":"Wong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cellular Pathology, Southmead Hospital, Bristol, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2124-515X","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Runjan","family":"Chetty","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Deciphex, Dublin, Ireland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","reference":[{"key":"1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2217\/fon-2016-0192"},{"key":"2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1200\/jco.2017.74.9705"},{"key":"3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamaoncol.2016.0256"},{"key":"4","article-title":"KIT and PDGFRA wild-type gastrointestinal stromal tumours (GISTs): ESMO biomarker factsheet","author":"A. Italiano","year":"2018"},{"key":"5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1309\/ajcppckga2qgbj1r"},{"key":"6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.pas.0000176433.81079.bd"},{"key":"7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.trecan.2017.11.006"},{"key":"8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/path.4677"},{"issue":"1","key":"9","first-page":"33","article-title":"FGFR1 and NTRK3 actionable alterations in Wild Type gastrointestinal stromal tumours","volume":"14","author":"E. Shi","year":"2016","journal-title":"Journal of Translational Medicine"},{"key":"10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mgg3.1881"},{"issue":"9","key":"11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"331","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms21093313","article-title":"The emerging role of the FGF\/FGFR pathway in gastrointestinal stromal tumour","volume":"21","author":"A. Astolfi","year":"2020","journal-title":"International Journal of Molecular Sciences"},{"key":"12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/modpathol.2013.89"},{"key":"13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1158\/1078-0432.ccr-11-2230"},{"key":"14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/pas.0b013e31826c1761"},{"key":"15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1200\/jco.2013.48.7488"},{"key":"16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/gcc.22230"},{"key":"17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.18632\/oncotarget.7148"},{"key":"18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/esmoopen-2018-000335"},{"key":"19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-019-48029-z"}],"container-title":["Case Reports in Gastrointestinal Medicine"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/downloads.hindawi.com\/journals\/crigm\/2023\/4248128.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/downloads.hindawi.com\/journals\/crigm\/2023\/4248128.xml","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/downloads.hindawi.com\/journals\/crigm\/2023\/4248128.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,24]],"date-time":"2023-08-24T11:50:19Z","timestamp":1692877819000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.hindawi.com\/journals\/crigm\/2023\/4248128\/"}},"subtitle":[],"editor":[{"given":"Yoshifumi","family":"Nakayama","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"editor"}]}],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,24]]},"references-count":19,"alternative-id":["4248128","4248128"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1155\/2023\/4248128","relation":{},"ISSN":["2090-6536","2090-6528"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2090-6536","type":"electronic"},{"value":"2090-6528","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,24]]}}}