{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,28]],"date-time":"2026-10-28T00:43:48Z","timestamp":1793148228299,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":44,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,12]],"date-time":"2023-04-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1681257600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":101,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100012155","name":"National Institute for Medical Research Development","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["982958"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["982958"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100012155","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["BioMed Research International"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    <jats:italic>Introduction<\/jats:italic>\n                    .\n                    <jats:italic>Helicobacter pylori<\/jats:italic>\n                    is a prevalent pathogenic bacterium that resides in the human stomach. Outer membrane vesicles (OMVs) are known as nanosized cargos released by\n                    <jats:italic>H. pylori<\/jats:italic>\n                    , which have been proposed to have a key role in disease progression, pathogenesis, and modulation of the immune system. There are multiple evidences for the role of\n                    <jats:italic>H. pylori<\/jats:italic>\n                    in extragastroduodenal illnesses especially liver\u2010related disorders. However, the precise mechanism of\n                    <jats:italic>H. pylori<\/jats:italic>\n                    extragastroduodenal pathogenesis still remains unclear. In the current study, we aimed to determine the impact of\n                    <jats:italic>H. pylori<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2010isolated OMVs on hepatic stellate cell (HSC) activation and expression of liver fibrosis markers.\n                    <jats:italic>Materials and Methods<\/jats:italic>\n                    . Five\n                    <jats:italic>H. pylori<\/jats:italic>\n                    clinical strains with different genotype profiles were used.\n                    <jats:italic>Helicobacter pylori<\/jats:italic>\n                    OMVs were isolated using ultracentrifugation and were analyzed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and dynamic light scattering (DLS). Liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry (LC\u2010MS\/MS) analysis was applied to determine protein components of\n                    <jats:italic>H. pylori<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2010derived OMVs. Cell viability of LX\u20102 human hepatic stellate cell line exposed to OMVs was measured by MTT assay. LX\u20102 cells were treated with OMVs for 24\u2009h. The gene expression of\n                    <jats:italic>\u03b1<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2010SMA, E\u2010cadherin, vimentin, snail, and\n                    <jats:italic>\u03b2<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2010catenin was analyzed using quantitative real\u2010time PCR. The protein expression of\n                    <jats:italic>\u03b1<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2010SMA, as a well\u2010studied profibrotic marker, was evaluated with immunocytochemistry.\n                    <jats:italic>Results<\/jats:italic>\n                    . Our results showed that\n                    <jats:italic>H. pylori<\/jats:italic>\n                    strains released round shape nanovesicles ranging from 50 to 500\u2009nm. Totally, 112 various proteins were identified in OMVs by proteomic analysis. The isolated OMVs were negative for both CagA and VacA virulence factors. Treatment of HSCs with\n                    <jats:italic>H. pylori<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2010derived OMVs significantly increased the expression of fibrosis markers.\n                    <jats:italic>Conclusions<\/jats:italic>\n                    . In conclusion, the present study demonstrated that\n                    <jats:italic>H. pylori<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2010derived OMVs could promote HSC activation and induce the expression of hepatic fibrosis markers. Further research is required to elucidate the definite role of\n                    <jats:italic>H. pylori<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2010derived OMVs in liver fibrosis and liver\u2010associated disorders.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1155\/2023\/4848643","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,12]],"date-time":"2023-04-12T12:50:47Z","timestamp":1681303847000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":25,"title":["The Effects of\n                    <i>Helicobacter pylori<\/i>\n                    \u2010Derived Outer Membrane Vesicles on Hepatic Stellate Cell Activation and Liver Fibrosis In Vitro"],"prefix":"10.1155","volume":"2023","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6488-0962","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Shahin","family":"Bolori","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Saina","family":"Shegefti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kaveh","family":"Baghaei","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2135-7581","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Abbas","family":"Yadegar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kyung-Mee","family":"Moon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Leonard J.","family":"Foster","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mohammad Javad","family":"Nasiri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2782-8970","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hossein","family":"Dabiri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_1_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/CMR.00054-05"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/toxins11110677"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12929-018-0480-y"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/carcin\/bgn218"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2018.01466"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3748\/wjg.v25.i37.5578"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3748\/wjg.v24.i28.3071"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2017.00743"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00535-015-1039-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3748\/wjg.v24.i32.3617"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jhbp.245"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5858\/2007-131-1728-HSCALF"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrgastro.2010.213"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12602-020-09721-z"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/cam4.1941"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2021.654193"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/elps.200305844"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0631608100"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9673(02)01402-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13059-020-02050-y"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nprot.2016.136"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2011\/340157"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/MEG.0b013e3282efa4f2"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_24_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clinre.2017.12.008"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_25_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.yexmp.2012.09.012"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_26_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.metabol.2012.06.007"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_27_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/MEG.0b013e3283590c10"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_28_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/gast.2001.21382"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_29_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.38.3.1072-1076.2000"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_30_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/prca.200800192"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_31_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fcimb.2022.857570"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_32_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/femspd\/ftx034"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_33_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/emm.2017.47"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_34_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijmm.2019.151356"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_35_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/pr060181p"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_36_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/femsle\/fnv076"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_37_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.21037\/atm-20-2948"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_38_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4254\/wjh.v6.i4.207"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_39_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1755-1536-3-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_40_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2013.10.022"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_41_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/labinvest.2009.90"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_42_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/hel.12538"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_43_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.18632\/oncotarget.19471"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_44_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0105306"}],"container-title":["BioMed Research International"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/downloads.hindawi.com\/journals\/bmri\/2023\/4848643.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/downloads.hindawi.com\/journals\/bmri\/2023\/4848643.xml","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1155\/2023\/4848643","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,5]],"date-time":"2024-08-05T19:00:38Z","timestamp":1722884438000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1155\/2023\/4848643"}},"subtitle":[],"editor":[{"given":"Enoc Mariano","family":"Cort\u00e9s-Malag\u00f3n","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"editor"}]}],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,1]]},"references-count":44,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,1]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1155\/2023\/4848643"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1155\/2023\/4848643","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["2314-6133","2314-6141"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2314-6133","type":"print"},{"value":"2314-6141","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,1]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2022-02-19","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2023-03-05","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2023-04-12","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}],"article-number":"4848643"}}