{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,16]],"date-time":"2026-03-16T23:51:00Z","timestamp":1773705060021,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":29,"publisher":"Wiley","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,30]],"date-time":"2023-11-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1701302400000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003993","name":"Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["JPJ008617. 20319390"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["JPJ008617. 20319390"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003993","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Transboundary and Emerging Diseases"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,30]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>After 26 years of absence in Japan, a classical swine fever (CSF) outbreak occurred at a domestic pig farm in 2018. Vaccination against the CSF virus with a live attenuated vaccine at pig farms was restarted in October 2019, which was 13 years after the 2006 ban on vaccination. An individual-based simulation model for CSF antibody dynamics was developed to determine an effective CSF vaccination strategy for pig populations. In creating a simulated pig herd, the optimal vaccination age of piglets and the effect of vaccinating piglets twice were evaluated. Additionally, the herd immunity was monitored every 6 months for 4 years after the start of vaccination, and the effects of intensive sow replacement policies were assessed. The simulation results indicated that the vaccination age should be delayed relative to the age used before the 2006 ban on vaccination and shifted earlier, from 8 weeks to 6 weeks, as time elapses. The simulations indicated a tradeoff in protection between the weaning period (i.e., maternally derived antibodies) and the fattening period (i.e., by vaccine-induced antibodies). Mixing sows with high and low antibody titers, particularly sows that received the first vaccination and those born after the start of vaccination, resulted in a high variation in antibody titer among pigs on the farm. This study also clarified the positive effect of intensive sow replacement strategies on shortening the period in which sows show diverse titers. Differences in sow replacement rates among farms and\/or the time lag in starting vaccination in different prefectures result in heterogeneity in herd immunity in Japan; thus, herd immunity status should be examined at every farm using this simulation model.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1155\/2023\/5541976","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,30]],"date-time":"2023-11-30T19:35:21Z","timestamp":1701372921000},"page":"1-15","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Exploring Appropriate Strategies for Vaccination against Classical Swine Fever under a Dynamic Change in Antibody Titer in Sows after Starting Vaccination in a Japanese Farm Setting"],"prefix":"10.1155","volume":"2023","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0002-5985-2059","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Makoto","family":"Ukita","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Veterinary Epidemiology Unit, Graduate School of Veterinary Medicine, Rakuno Gakuen University, 582 Bunkyodai Midorimachi, Ebetsu, Hokkaido 069\u20138501, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0005-4684-0771","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Keisuke","family":"Kuwata","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Gifu Prefecture Central Livestock Hygiene Service Center, 1\u20131 Yanagito, Gifu 501\u20131112, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Eiji","family":"Tanaka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Livestock Epidemic Prevention and Control Division, Department of Agricultural Policy, Gifu Prefectural Government, 2\u20131-1 Minami-Yabuta, Gifu 500\u20138570, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7296-0129","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Ryota","family":"Matsuyama","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Veterinary Epidemiology Unit, Graduate School of Veterinary Medicine, Rakuno Gakuen University, 582 Bunkyodai Midorimachi, Ebetsu, Hokkaido 069\u20138501, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3480-988X","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Norikazu","family":"Isoda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Microbiology, Department of Disease Control, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Kita 18, Nishi 9, Kita-Ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido 060\u20130818, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7021-1688","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Yoshihiro","family":"Sakoda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Microbiology, Department of Disease Control, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Kita 18, Nishi 9, Kita-Ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido 060\u20130818, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8707-0639","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Takehisa","family":"Yamamoto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Viral Disease and Epidemiology Research Division, National Institute of Animal Health, National Agriculture Research Organization, 3\u20131-5 Kannondai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305\u20130856, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0181-0246","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Kohei","family":"Makita","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Veterinary Epidemiology Unit, Graduate School of Veterinary Medicine, Rakuno Gakuen University, 582 Bunkyodai Midorimachi, Ebetsu, Hokkaido 069\u20138501, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","reference":[{"key":"1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/v9040086"},{"key":"2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1099\/0022-1317-77-6-1311"},{"key":"3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0378-1135(00)00141-3"},{"key":"4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0378-1135(00)00138-3"},{"key":"5","article-title":"Livestock statistics survey 2022","author":"Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries","year":"2023"},{"issue":"10","key":"6","first-page":"1787","article-title":"A mutant of hog cholera virus inducing interference in swine testicle cell cultures","volume":"31","author":"Y. Shimizu","year":"1970","journal-title":"American Journal of Veterinary Research"},{"key":"7","volume-title":"Annual Statistics of Domestic Animal Infectious Diseases, 1937-2020","author":"Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries","year":"2020"},{"key":"8","article-title":"Resolutions adopted by the world assembly of the OIE delegates during their 83rd general session","author":"World Organisation for Animal Health","year":"2015"},{"key":"9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/MRA.01362-18"},{"key":"10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3201\/eid2506.181578"},{"key":"11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/pathogens9020119"},{"key":"12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fvets.2020.573480"},{"key":"13","article-title":"Guideline to control classical swine fever","author":"Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries","year":"2020"},{"key":"14","article-title":"History of control of hog cholera","author":"Japan Livestock and Livestock Products Hygiene Guidance Association, and Japan Livestock Technology Association","year":"2009"},{"key":"15","first-page":"285","article-title":"All of classical swine fever","volume":"64","author":"Y. Sakoda","year":"2020","journal-title":"The Journal of the Hokkaido Veterinary Medical Association"},{"key":"16","volume-title":"Risk Analysis: A Quantitative Guide","author":"D. Vose","year":"2008","edition":"3rd Edition."},{"key":"17","volume-title":"Risk Analysis: A Quantitative Guide","author":"D. Vose","year":"2008:","edition":"3rd Edition."},{"key":"18","first-page":"147","article-title":"Half-lives of immunoglobulins IgG, IgA and IgM in the serum of new-born pigs","volume":"24","author":"J. Curtis","year":"1973","journal-title":"Immunology"},{"issue":"2-3","key":"19","first-page":"85","article-title":"Development and evaluation of indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for a screening test to detect antibodies against classical swine fever virus","volume":"60","author":"Y. Sakoda","year":"2012","journal-title":"Japanese Journal of Veterinary Research"},{"key":"20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/pathogens9080608"},{"key":"21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/bioinformatics\/bti623"},{"key":"22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/v15071587"},{"key":"23","article-title":"Veterinary epidemiologic research","author":"I. Dohoo","year":"2014:"},{"key":"24","article-title":"R: a language and environment for statistical computing","author":"R. C. Team","year":"2021"},{"key":"25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2018.09.020"},{"key":"26","first-page":"8","article-title":"Analysis and current status of vaccination against classical swine fever in Gifu prefecture","volume":"81","author":"K. Kuwata","year":"2023","journal-title":"Proceedings of Japan Pig Veterinary Society"},{"key":"27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0378-1135(03)00158-5"},{"key":"28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2005.12.010"},{"key":"29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1297-9716-42-115"}],"container-title":["Transboundary and Emerging Diseases"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/downloads.hindawi.com\/journals\/tbed\/2023\/5541976.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/downloads.hindawi.com\/journals\/tbed\/2023\/5541976.xml","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/downloads.hindawi.com\/journals\/tbed\/2023\/5541976.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,30]],"date-time":"2023-11-30T19:35:28Z","timestamp":1701372928000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.hindawi.com\/journals\/tbed\/2023\/5541976\/"}},"subtitle":[],"editor":[{"given":"Lin-Zhu","family":"Ren","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"editor","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,30]]},"references-count":29,"alternative-id":["5541976","5541976"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1155\/2023\/5541976","relation":{},"ISSN":["1865-1682","1865-1674"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1865-1682","type":"electronic"},{"value":"1865-1674","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,30]]}}}