{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,1]],"date-time":"2025-12-01T11:04:08Z","timestamp":1764587048351,"version":"3.40.5"},"reference-count":12,"publisher":"Wiley","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,27]],"date-time":"2023-07-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1690416000000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Case Reports in Infectious Diseases"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,27]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Toxoplasma gondii, an obligate intracellular parasitic protozoon, usually causes a mild, acute infection followed by a latent asymptomatic phase with tissue cysts or a chronic form with recurrent retinochoroiditis. However, immunocompromised patients can cause disseminated disease due to the reactivation of the latent tissue cysts or due to a primary infection. Here, we present a rare case of bilateral ocular toxoplasmosis and concurrent subacute toxoplasma encephalitis in a 70-year-old patient on anti-CD40 treatment following his liver transplant. The diagnosis was confirmed by PCR of anterior chamber fluid and brain biopsy, and no other sites of disseminated disease were detected on PET-CT. The patient has been treated with sulfamethoxazole-trimethoprim 800\/160\u2009mg with virtually complete resolution of the neurological and ocular symptoms. Iatrogenic blockade of the CD40 pathway may elicit a particular susceptibility for CNS reactivation of T. gondii.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1155\/2023\/5565575","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,27]],"date-time":"2023-07-27T19:20:09Z","timestamp":1690485609000},"page":"1-4","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Concurrent Ocular and Cerebral Toxoplasmosis in a Liver Transplant Patient Treated with Anti-CD40 Monoclonal Antibody"],"prefix":"10.1155","volume":"2023","author":[{"given":"Roos","family":"Van Den Noortgate","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0683-6840","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Maja","family":"Kiselinova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of General Internal Medicine, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, 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