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In this regard, the present study sheds light on the diversity and antimicrobial potential of Actinobacteria isolates in mining ecosystems. We have indeed investigated the production of bioactive molecules by the Actinobacteria isolated from abandoned mining areas in Midelt, Morocco, where average contents of lead (Pb) and cadmium (Cd) are higher than normal world levels. One hundred and forty-five Actinobacteria isolates were isolated and characterized based on morphological, chemotaxonomical, biochemical, and molecular data. Most of the 145 isolates were identified as Streptomyces. Isolates affiliated to the genera Amycolatopsis, Lentzea, Actinopolymorpha, and Pseudonocardia were also found. Antimicrobial producing potentials of Actinobacteria isolates were assessed against eight test microorganisms Gram+ and Gram\u2212 bacteria and yeast. Out of 145 isolates, 51 showed antimicrobial activities against at least one test microorganism. 31 isolates inhibited only bacteria, 7 showed activity against bacteria and Candida albicans, and 13 displayed activity against C. albicans solely. Our findings suggest that Actinobacteria isolated from natural heavy metal ecosystems may be a valuable source of novel secondary metabolites and therefore of new biotechnologically promising antimicrobial compounds.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1155\/2023\/6106673","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,24]],"date-time":"2023-01-24T13:05:14Z","timestamp":1674565514000},"page":"1-19","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":22,"title":["Diversity and Antimicrobial Activities of Actinobacteria Isolated from Mining Soils in Midelt Region, Morocco"],"prefix":"10.1155","volume":"2023","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8041-9850","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Soumia","family":"Ait Assou","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Biotechnology, Environment, Agri-Food and Health Laboratory, Faculty of Sciences Dhar El Mahraz, Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah University, BP. 1796, Atlas, Fez, Morocco"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6683-9373","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Jaouad","family":"Anissi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Engineering BIOMEDTECH, Euro-Mediterranean University of Fez, Meknes, BP 51, Fez, Morocco"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6956-6729","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Khalid","family":"Sendide","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Biotechnology, School of Science and Engineering, Al Akhawayn University in Ifrane, P.O. 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