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Most recently, in South America, this virus was detected in an outbreak affecting humans in Peru. In Brazil, EMCV infection was described in some wild species, in horses, and once in farrowing pigs. The aim of this study is to report the reemergence of EMCV in commercial growing\u2013finishing pigs from two different farms that experienced sudden pig death in midwest Brazil. This aim was achieved through gross pathology, histologic examination, RT\u2012PCR analysis, and genetic characterization of the virus. Clinical signs, such as trembling, dyspnea, and squealing sounds shortly before death, were only occasionally observed and were nonspecific. On gross examination, cardiomegaly was observed, along with multifocal pale tan foci in the epicardium extending to the myocardium on the cut surface. Microscopically, there was severe myocardial necrosis, dystrophic mineralization, fibrosis, and lymphoplasmacytic and histiocytic myocarditis. Gross and microscopic examinations of the rats were unremarkable. The RT\u2012PCR analyses of the pig and rat organs were positive for EMCV, and the phylogenetic analysis of the VP1 gene showed that the samples from pigs and rats contained similar strains that had their closest relatives identified in humans in Peru. This is the first genetic characterization of EMCV in Brazil, and the other findings confirm the reemergence of the disease that was transmitted from rats to pigs.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1155\/2023\/6582778","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,7]],"date-time":"2023-12-07T18:20:22Z","timestamp":1701973222000},"page":"1-6","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Reemerging of Encephalomyocarditis Virus in Pigs in Brazil: Pathological and Viral Characterization"],"prefix":"10.1155","volume":"2023","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3926-9491","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Anderson H.","family":"Gris","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculdade de Veterin\u00e1ria, Setor de Patologia Veterin\u00e1ria, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8427-584X","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Raquel S.","family":"Alves","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculdade de Veterin\u00e1ria, Laborat\u00f3rio de Virologia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1120-2882","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Laura J.","family":"Camargo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculdade de Veterin\u00e1ria, Laborat\u00f3rio de Virologia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7852-8804","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Let\u00edcia F.","family":"Baumbach","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculdade de Veterin\u00e1ria, Laborat\u00f3rio de Virologia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2954-8964","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Jean C. 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