{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,9]],"date-time":"2026-10-09T12:09:54Z","timestamp":1791547794931,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":55,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,10]],"date-time":"2023-01-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1673308800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":9,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Respiratory tract infections (RTIs) refer to infections in any part of the respiratory tract, which are common, with most of the world\u2019s population contracting at least one infection annually. These infections are becoming important causes of death and morbidity due to the rapid development of antimicrobial resistance that has resulted in reduced efficacy of existing drugs. Different local societies residing in Ethiopia have been reported to use traditional medicinal plants to treat RTIs. Nevertheless, up\u2010to\u2010date summarized data on the diversity of plants used in the traditional medicine system to treat RTIs in Ethiopia are lacking. The purpose of this review was to assess plant species used in traditional medicine to treat respiratory tract infections in Ethiopia. It attempts to compile available data required for undertaking further scientific investigations. The data were collected by searching for published scientific articles and other grey literature. Following this, medicinal plant (MP) diversity, growth forms, plant parts used, modes of remedy preparation and application, sources and distributions, and frequently treated respiratory disorders were examined. An Excel spreadsheet and SigmaPlot software were used to summarize and present the data. Two hundred twenty\u2010nine (229) plant species that have been used to treat respiratory disorders in Ethiopia were documented. Lamiaceae was the most cited family (27 species), followed by Asteraceae (23 species), and Fabaceae (18 species), whereas cough was primarily cited as being treated by MPs and scored the highest frequency of citation (FOC\u2009=\u2009243), followed by the common cold (FOC\u2009=\u2009151) and asthma (FOC\u2009=\u200963). The top\u2010cited plant species used in the treatment of RTIs were <jats:italic>Eucalyptus globulus<\/jats:italic> (6.8%), <jats:italic>Allium sativum<\/jats:italic> (5.5%), <jats:italic>Zingiber officinale<\/jats:italic> (4.2%), <jats:italic>Ruta chalepensis<\/jats:italic> (3.8%), and <jats:italic>Ocimum lamiifolium<\/jats:italic> (2.8%). Herbs were the dominant plant growth form (46%) used to treat respiratory diseases, and the most commonly used MP parts were leaves (37%). The leading traditional method used for preparation was decoction (25.5%), and the remedies were usually administered orally (64.6%). The MP origin reported was mainly from the wild (59%). High diversity of medicinal plants was reported as being used to treat various RTIs in Ethiopia. Information obtained from this review could be used as a reference for the selection of plants for further pharmacological, phytochemical, and toxicological investigations for their possible therapeutic applications and the development of new plant\u2010based drugs.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1155\/2023\/7612804","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,10]],"date-time":"2023-01-10T19:05:09Z","timestamp":1673377509000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":16,"title":["Ethiopian Medicinal Plants Used for Respiratory Tract Disorders: Ethnomedicinal Review"],"prefix":"10.1155","volume":"2023","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3634-7650","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alemtshay","family":"Teka","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9487-9700","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Melesse","family":"Maryo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_1_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jep.2020.113194"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/rmv.2024"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_2","first-page":"481","article-title":"Acute respiratory infections: a review","volume":"56","author":"Bulla A.","year":"1978","journal-title":"Bulletin of the World Health Organization"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/d14020145"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_5_2","first-page":"61","article-title":"Traditional medicine in ethiopia: the attempts being made to promote it for effective and better utilization","volume":"9","author":"Abebe D.","year":"1986","journal-title":"Sinet: Ethiopian Journal of Science"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2014\/525340"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1746-4269-9-63"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jep.2006.10.011"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1746-4269-4-11"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ecam\/nem096"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fphar.2021.682794"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2021\/5578914"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2147\/PPA.S131496"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.32859\/era.19.41.1-31"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3923\/rjphyto.2015.88.115"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jep.2006.04.003"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1513\/annalsats.201311-405ps"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_18_2","volume-title":"The Global Impact of Respiratory Disease","author":"Forum of international respiratory societies","year":"2017"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13020-020-00374-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-151-4-200908180-00136"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_21_2","article-title":"Leguminosae of ethiopia","volume":"68","author":"Thulin M.","year":"1983","journal-title":"Opera Botanica"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_22_2","article-title":"Flora of ethiopia","volume":"3","author":"Hedberg I.","year":"1989","journal-title":"Pittosporaceae to Araliacae"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_23_2","volume-title":"Flora of Ethiopia and Eritrea. Asteraceae","author":"Hedberg I.","year":"2004"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_24_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dib.2018.10.012"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_25_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jep.2019.112351"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_26_2","first-page":"2328","article-title":"Potential medicinal plants of lamiaceae","volume":"3","author":"Venkateshappa S. M.","year":"2013","journal-title":"American International Journal of Research in Formal"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_27_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/act.2017.29150.eya"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_28_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.22270\/jddt.v11i4-s.4957"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_29_2","first-page":"37","article-title":"Diversity of vascular plant taxa of the flora of ethiopia and eritrea","volume":"13","author":"Kelbessa E.","year":"2014","journal-title":"Ethiopian Journal of Biological Sciences"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_30_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.17221\/114\/2009-cjfs"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_31_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5897\/jmpr2015.5910"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_32_2","article-title":"Traditional and modern uses of onion bulb (allium cepa l.): a systematic review","volume":"59","author":"Joaheer D. T.","year":"2009","journal-title":"Critical Reviews in Food Science and Nutrition"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_33_2","first-page":"127","article-title":"Ginger medicinal and uses and benefits","volume":"3","author":"Yadav S.","year":"2016","journal-title":"European Journal of Pharmaceutical and Medical Research"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_34_2","article-title":"Clinical aspects and health benefits of ginger (zingiber officinale) in both traditional chinese medicine and modern industry","author":"Hesam S. M.","year":"2019","journal-title":"Acta Agriculturae Scandinavica"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_35_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.phytochem.2015.07.012"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_36_2","first-page":"478","article-title":"Antibacterial activity of myrtus communis l. and zingiber officinale extracts against some gram positive pathogens","volume":"3","author":"Teimoory H.","year":"2013","journal-title":"Research Opinions in Animal and Veterinary Sciences"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_37_2","first-page":"1","article-title":"An ethnobotanical study of medicinal plants used by local people in the lowlands of konta special woreda, southern nations, nationalities and peoples regional state, ethiopia","volume":"5","author":"Hailemariam T.","year":"2009","journal-title":"Journal of Ethnobiology and Ethnomedicine"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_38_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1746-4269-9-68"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_39_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13002-020-00377-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_40_2","first-page":"42","article-title":"An ethnobotanical study of medicinal plants of the kembatta ethnic group in enset-based agricultural landscape of kembatta tembaro (KT) zone, southern ethiopia","volume":"5","author":"Maryo M.","year":"2015","journal-title":"Asian Journal of Plant Science and Research"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_41_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5539\/jps.v8n1p1"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_42_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1746-4269-5-34"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_43_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jep.2008.11.021"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_44_2","first-page":"81","article-title":"An ethnobotanical study of medicinal plants used by the zay people in ethiopia","volume":"3","author":"Giday M.","year":"2001","journal-title":"Skriftserie"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_45_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jep.2010.07.046"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_46_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5897\/ijbc2016.1020"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_47_2","volume-title":"Ethiopian Common Medicinal Plants: Their Parts and Uses in Traditional Medicine - Ecology and Quality Control","author":"Moges A.","year":"2020"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_48_2","first-page":"331","article-title":"Medicinal plants used in Peru for the treatment of respiratory disorders","volume":"17","author":"Bussmann R. W.","year":"2010","journal-title":"Revista Peruana de Biologia"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_49_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.19026\/crjbs.6.5515"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_50_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1746-4269-2-41"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_51_2","first-page":"132","article-title":"Plants used in traditional management of human ailments at bale mountains national park, southeastern ethiopia","volume":"2","author":"Yineger H.","year":"2008","journal-title":"Journal of Medicinal Plants Research"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_52_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1746-4269-5-28"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_53_2","first-page":"245","article-title":"Interrelationship of cultural diversity and biodiversity and its impact on conservation","volume":"44","author":"Ishtiaq M.","year":"2012","journal-title":"Pakistan Journal of Botany"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_54_2","volume-title":"Unity in Diversity: Federalism as a Mechanism to Accommodate Ethnic Diversity- the Case of Ethiopia","author":"Beken V. C.","year":"2012"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_55_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4081\/pb.2021.8473"}],"container-title":["Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/downloads.hindawi.com\/journals\/ecam\/2023\/7612804.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/downloads.hindawi.com\/journals\/ecam\/2023\/7612804.xml","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1155\/2023\/7612804","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,6]],"date-time":"2024-08-06T15:26:58Z","timestamp":1722958018000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1155\/2023\/7612804"}},"subtitle":[],"editor":[{"given":"Emilio","family":"Lizarraga","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"editor"}]}],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,1]]},"references-count":55,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,1]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1155\/2023\/7612804"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1155\/2023\/7612804","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1741-427X","1741-4288"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1741-427X","type":"print"},{"value":"1741-4288","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,1]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2022-07-17","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2022-12-20","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2023-01-10","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}],"article-number":"7612804"}}