{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,14]],"date-time":"2025-05-14T02:54:59Z","timestamp":1747191299065,"version":"3.40.5"},"reference-count":42,"publisher":"Wiley","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,19]],"date-time":"2023-04-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1681862400000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"University of Ribeir\u00e3o Preto"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Cardiology Research and Practice"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,19]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Background. Chronic Chagas heart disease (CCHD) and systemic arterial hypertension (SAH) frequently coexists in areas where Chagas disease is endemic. The effects of the association of both conditions (CCHD-SAH) on the extracellular matrix (ECM) remodeling are unknown. Matrix metalloproteinases (MMP) 2 and 9 are involved in ECM remodeling. The aim of this study was to evaluate MMP 2 and MMP9 in CCHD-SAH patients and to correlate their levels with those of the profibrogenic cytokine TGF-beta. Methods. We included 19 patients with CCHD-SAH, 14 patients with CCHD alone, and 19 controls matched by sex and age. MMP-2 and MMP-9 plasma levels were studied by gel zymography and showed as optical densities (OD). TGF-beta plasma levels were measured by double-ligand ELISA and expressed as pg\/mL. Results. Median (5th, 95th) MMP-2 plasma levels were 1224.7 OD (1160, 1433.5) in patients with CCHD alone, 1424.1 OD (1267.5, 1561) in patients with CCHD-SAH, and 940 OD (898.1, 1000.8) in controls (<jats:inline-formula>\n                     <a:math xmlns:a=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M1\">\n                        <a:mi>p<\/a:mi>\n                        <a:mo>=<\/a:mo>\n                        <a:mn>0.001<\/a:mn>\n                     <\/a:math>\n                  <\/jats:inline-formula>). MMP-9 plasma levels were 1870 OD (1740, 1904.1) in patients with CCHD alone, 1754.6 OD (1650, 2049) in those with CCHD-SAH and 89.7 OD (80, 96) in controls (<jats:inline-formula>\n                     <c:math xmlns:c=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M2\">\n                        <c:mi>p<\/c:mi>\n                        <c:mo>=<\/c:mo>\n                        <c:mn>0.0003<\/c:mn>\n                     <\/c:math>\n                  <\/jats:inline-formula>). MMP-9 plasma levels were higher than those of MMP 2 in patients with CCHD-SAH (<jats:inline-formula>\n                     <e:math xmlns:e=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M3\">\n                        <e:mi>p<\/e:mi>\n                        <e:mo>=<\/e:mo>\n                        <e:mn>0.01<\/e:mn>\n                     <\/e:math>\n                  <\/jats:inline-formula>). No correlation was found between TGF-beta plasma levels with MMP-2 serum levels (r\u2009=\u20090.12; <jats:inline-formula>\n                     <g:math xmlns:g=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M4\">\n                        <g:mi>p<\/g:mi>\n                        <g:mo>=<\/g:mo>\n                        <g:mn>0.7<\/g:mn>\n                     <\/g:math>\n                  <\/jats:inline-formula>), but a moderate negative correlation (r\u2009=\u2009\u22120.46; <jats:inline-formula>\n                     <i:math xmlns:i=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M5\">\n                        <i:mi>p<\/i:mi>\n                        <i:mo>=<\/i:mo>\n                        <i:mn>0.048<\/i:mn>\n                     <\/i:math>\n                  <\/jats:inline-formula>) was observed between TGF-beta and MMP-9 plasma levels. Conclusions. MMP-2 and especially MMP-9 may play a role in the ECM remodeling process in patients with CCHD-SAH. TGF-Beta may counteract the MMP effect on the ECM remodeling process in patients with CCHD-SAH.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1155\/2023\/8484697","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,20]],"date-time":"2023-04-20T02:51:53Z","timestamp":1681959113000},"page":"1-7","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Plasma Levels of Matrix Metalloproteinases 2 and 9 in Patients with Chronic Chagas Heart Disease and Systemic Arterial Hypertension: Correlation with TGF-Beta Plasma Levels"],"prefix":"10.1155","volume":"2023","author":[{"given":"Reinaldo B.","family":"Bestetti","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, UNAERP Medical School, University of Ribeir\u00e3o Preto, Ribeir\u00e3o Preto, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5102-6724","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Renata","family":"Dellalibera-Joviliano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, UNAERP Medical School, University of Ribeir\u00e3o Preto, Ribeir\u00e3o Preto, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ellen","family":"Rizzi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biotechnology, University of Ribeir\u00e3o Preto, Ribeir\u00e3o Preto, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Giselle F.","family":"Bonacio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biotechnology, University of Ribeir\u00e3o Preto, Ribeir\u00e3o Preto, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Milton","family":"Faria-Jr","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, UNAERP Medical School, University of Ribeir\u00e3o Preto, Ribeir\u00e3o Preto, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Rosemeire","family":"Furlan-Daniel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, UNAERP Medical School, University of Ribeir\u00e3o Preto, Ribeir\u00e3o Preto, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Suzeley","family":"Castro-Fran\u00e7a","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biotechnology, University of Ribeir\u00e3o Preto, Ribeir\u00e3o Preto, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","reference":[{"issue":"6","key":"1","first-page":"33","article-title":"Chagas disease in Latin America: an epidemiological update based on 2010 estimates","volume":"90","author":"World Health Organization","year":"2015","journal-title":"Weekly Epidemiology Record"},{"key":"2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/nejmra1410150"},{"key":"3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0167-5273(90)90271-6"},{"key":"4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0167-5273(92)90236-v"},{"key":"5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/s0140-6736(17)31612-4"},{"key":"6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.healun.2009.10.014"},{"key":"7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijcard.2012.01.033"},{"key":"8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.tp.0000277526.68754.02"},{"key":"9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1590\/S0066-782X2003001400001"},{"issue":"2","key":"10","first-page":"71","article-title":"Chagas disease and primary arterial hypertension","volume":"60","author":"M. 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