{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,18]],"date-time":"2026-10-18T04:29:15Z","timestamp":1792297755794,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":59,"publisher":"Wiley","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,16]],"date-time":"2023-02-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1676505600000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100005632","name":"Narodowe Centrum Bada\u0144 i Rozwoju","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["SZPITALE-JEDNOIMIENNE\/18\/2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["SZPITALE-JEDNOIMIENNE\/18\/2020"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100005632","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["International Journal of Endocrinology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,16]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Background. Diabetes is a risk factor for a severe course of COVID-19. We evaluated the characteristics and risk factors associated with undesirable outcomes in diabetic patients (DPs) hospitalized due to COVID-19. Materials and Methods. The data analysis of patients admitted between March 6, 2020, and May 31, 2021, to the University Hospital in Krakow (Poland), a reference center for COVID-19, was performed. The data were gathered from their medical records. Results. A total number of 5191 patients were included, of which 2348 (45.2%) were women. The patients were at the median age of 64 (IQR: 51\u201374) years, and 1364 (26.3%) were DPs. DPs, compared to nondiabetics, were older (median age: 70\u2009years, IQR: 62\u201377 vs. 62, IQR: 47\u201372, and <jats:inline-formula>\n                     <a:math xmlns:a=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M1\">\n                        <a:mi>p<\/a:mi>\n                     <\/a:math>\n                  <\/jats:inline-formula>\u2009&lt;\u20090.001) and had a similar gender distribution. The DP group had a higher mortality rate (26.2% vs. 15.7%, <jats:inline-formula>\n                     <c:math xmlns:c=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M2\">\n                        <c:mi>p<\/c:mi>\n                     <\/c:math>\n                  <\/jats:inline-formula>\u2009&lt;\u20090.001) and longer hospital stays (median: 15\u2009days, IQR: 10\u201324 vs. 13, IQR: 9\u201320, and <jats:inline-formula>\n                     <e:math xmlns:e=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M3\">\n                        <e:mi>p<\/e:mi>\n                     <\/e:math>\n                  <\/jats:inline-formula>\u2009&lt;\u20090.001). DPs were admitted to the ICU more frequently (15.7% vs. 11.0%, <jats:inline-formula>\n                     <g:math xmlns:g=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M4\">\n                        <g:mi>p<\/g:mi>\n                     <\/g:math>\n                  <\/jats:inline-formula>\u2009&lt;\u20090.001) and required mechanical ventilation more often (15.5% vs. 11.3%, <jats:inline-formula>\n                     <i:math xmlns:i=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M5\">\n                        <i:mi>p<\/i:mi>\n                     <\/i:math>\n                  <\/jats:inline-formula>\u2009&lt;\u20090.001). In a multivariate logistic regression, factors associated with a higher risk of death were age &gt;65\u2009years, glycaemia &gt;10\u2009mmol\/L, CRP and D-dimer level, prehospital insulin and loop diuretic use, presence of heart failure, and chronic kidney disease. Factors contributing to lower mortality were in-hospital use of statin, thiazide diuretic, and calcium channel blocker. Conclusion. In this large COVID-19 cohort, DPs constituted more than a quarter of hospitalized patients. The risk of death and other outcomes compared to nondiabetics was higher in this group. We identified a number of clinical, laboratory, and therapeutic variables associated with the risk of hospital death in DPs.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1155\/2023\/8700302","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,16]],"date-time":"2023-02-16T19:20:08Z","timestamp":1676575208000},"page":"1-11","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["Characteristics, Mortality, and Clinical Outcomes of Hospitalized Patients with COVID-19 and Diabetes: A Reference Single-Center Cohort Study from Poland"],"prefix":"10.1155","volume":"2023","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4288-1024","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Micha\u0142","family":"Kania","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Metabolic Diseases and Diabetology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow, Poland"},{"name":"University Hospital in Krakow, Krakow, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Konrad","family":"Mazur","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University Hospital in Krakow, Krakow, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1762-8043","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Micha\u0142","family":"Terlecki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University Hospital in Krakow, Krakow, Poland"},{"name":"Department of Cardiology, Interventional Electrocardiology and Arterial Hypertension, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6938-352X","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Bart\u0142omiej","family":"Matejko","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Metabolic Diseases and Diabetology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow, Poland"},{"name":"University Hospital in Krakow, Krakow, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1153-8669","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Jerzy","family":"Hohendorff","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Metabolic Diseases and Diabetology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow, Poland"},{"name":"University Hospital in Krakow, Krakow, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zlata","family":"Chaykivska","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University Hospital in Krakow, Krakow, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5453-6917","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Mateusz","family":"Fiema","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University Hospital in Krakow, Krakow, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1330-2476","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Marianna","family":"Kopka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University Hospital in Krakow, Krakow, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ma\u0142gorzata","family":"Kostrzycka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University Hospital in Krakow, Krakow, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4322-5838","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Magdalena","family":"Wilk","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Metabolic Diseases and Diabetology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow, Poland"},{"name":"University Hospital in Krakow, Krakow, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7199-4079","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Tomasz","family":"Klupa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Metabolic Diseases and Diabetology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow, Poland"},{"name":"University Hospital in Krakow, Krakow, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0202-9192","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Przemys\u0142aw","family":"Witek","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Metabolic Diseases and Diabetology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow, Poland"},{"name":"University Hospital in Krakow, Krakow, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Barbara","family":"Katra","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Metabolic Diseases and Diabetology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow, Poland"},{"name":"University Hospital in Krakow, Krakow, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6662-5108","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Marek","family":"Klocek","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University Hospital in Krakow, Krakow, Poland"},{"name":"Department of Cardiology, Interventional Electrocardiology and Arterial Hypertension, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7074-7263","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Marek","family":"Rajzer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University Hospital in Krakow, Krakow, Poland"},{"name":"Department of Cardiology, Interventional Electrocardiology and Arterial Hypertension, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4794-0820","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Maciej T.","family":"Malecki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Metabolic Diseases and Diabetology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow, Poland"},{"name":"University Hospital in Krakow, Krakow, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","reference":[{"key":"1","article-title":"Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) [internet]","author":"World Health Organization","year":"2021"},{"key":"2","article-title":"COVID-19 [internet]","author":"World Health Organization","year":"2022"},{"key":"3","article-title":"Koronawirus: Informacje I Zalecenia - Portal Gov.pl [Internet]","author":"Raport Zaka\u017ce\u0144 Koronawirusem 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