{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,8]],"date-time":"2026-09-08T04:03:41Z","timestamp":1788840221149,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":20,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,9]],"date-time":"2023-01-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1673222400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":8,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["BioMed Research International"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p><jats:italic>Background<\/jats:italic>. Cervical cerclage is the procedure of choice for preventing preterm delivery due to cervical insufficiency. The indication for its application may be based on the woman\u2019s reproductive history, findings at ultrasound, or clinical findings on vaginal examination. Pregnancy outcomes from these indications are variable according to the available literature. <jats:italic>Objective<\/jats:italic>. To compare the effectiveness and reproductive outcomes (miscarriage, preterm birth rates, and birth weights) of McDonald\u2019s cervical cerclage after history\u2010indicated and ultrasound\u2010indicated cervical cerclage in pregnant women. <jats:italic>Methods<\/jats:italic>. The retrospective cohort study was conducted at Life International Hospital Awka, Nigeria and Life Specialist Hospital Nnewi, Nigeria. Pregnant women, who had a McDonald\u2019s cervical cerclage performed due to either history or ultrasound indication between January 1, 2011, and December 31, 2020, were included in the study. Women with multiple pregnancies and those with physical examination\u2010indicated or emergency cerclages were excluded. The main outcome measures included the prevalence of cervical cerclage, miscarriage, and preterm delivery rates. Outcomes were compared between groups with the chi\u2010square test, Fisher\u2019s exact test, or Student\u2019s <jats:italic>t<\/jats:italic> test. <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic> value of &lt; 0.5 was set as significant value. <jats:italic>Results<\/jats:italic>. Overall, during the study period, 5392 deliveries occurred in the study sites, of which 103 women had a history\u2010indicated or ultrasound\u2010indicated cervical cerclage. This resulted in a 1.91% prevalence rate for history\u2010indicated and ultrasound\u2010indicated cervical cerclage. Of these, 68 (66%) had history indicated, while 35 (34%) had ultrasound\u2010indicated cerclage. There was no difference in the sociodemographic characteristics of both groups. Both groups had similar miscarriage rates: 1.18 in 1000 and 1.04 in 1000 deliveries, respectively (RR 1.160, 95% CI: 0.3824 to 3.5186, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic> = 0.793). There was more preterm delivery in history\u2010indicated cerclage than ultrasound\u2010indicated cervical cerclage (26.50% vs. 17.10%; <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic> = 0.292), though the difference was not statistically significant. The ultrasound group had a higher average birthweight than the history group (2.67 \u00b1 0.99 vs. 2.53 \u00b1 0.74). However, this difference was not statistically significant. <jats:italic>Conclusion<\/jats:italic>. The effectiveness and reproductive outcomes (miscarriage, preterm birth rates, and birth weights) of pregnant women with cervical cerclage due to history\u2010indicated and ultrasound\u2010indicated cervical cerclage appear similar. When needed, cervical cerclage should be freely applied for cervical insufficiency, irrespective of the type of indication.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1155\/2023\/8782854","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,9]],"date-time":"2023-01-09T22:50:08Z","timestamp":1673304608000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Comparison of Pregnancy Outcomes of History\u2010Indicated and Ultrasound\u2010Indicated Cervical Cerclage: A Retrospective Cohort Study"],"prefix":"10.1155","volume":"2023","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2515-8464","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Joseph Ifeanyichukwu","family":"Ikechebelu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3469-3549","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Cyril Chukwudi","family":"Dim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1693-373X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Boniface Chukwuneme","family":"Okpala","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0390-2152","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"George Uchenna","family":"Eleje","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1843-2050","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ngozi N.","family":"Joe-Ikechebelu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2238-2225","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Divinefavour Echezona","family":"Malachy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9609-3114","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Chinedum Mark","family":"Nnoruka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8124-7771","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Louis Anayo","family":"Nwajiaku","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1041-5731","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Princeston Chukwuemeka","family":"Okam","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0863-9429","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Innocent Chigozie","family":"Albert","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8014-990X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Augusta Nkiruka","family":"Okpala","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4698-6226","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Emeka Philip","family":"Igbodike","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_1_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/j.semperi.2017.08.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1511014"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/mSphere.01261-20"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(16)31593-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_5_2","article-title":"ACOG practice bulletin no. 142: cerclage for the management of cervical insufficiency","volume":"123","author":"American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists","year":"2014","journal-title":"Obstetrics & Gynecology"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/14651858.CD008991.pub3"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"HarperL.andOwenJ. 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