{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,13]],"date-time":"2026-10-13T06:33:05Z","timestamp":1791873185252,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":26,"publisher":"Wiley","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,19]],"date-time":"2023-12-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1702944000000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000024","name":"Canadian Institutes of Health Research","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["CIHR PJT-178135"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CIHR PJT-178135"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000024","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Journal of Diabetes Research"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,19]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Background. Muscle dysfunction is an early complication of diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN). As a convenient and low-cost tool, muscle ultrasound has been used to assess muscle quality and muscle mass. However, the relationship between different muscle ultrasound parameters and DPN is unclear. Objectives. This study was designed to investigate the relationship between ultrasound parameters of different muscles and DPN among patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus, including the rectus femoris (RF), tibialis anterior (TA), and medial head of gastrocnemius (MG). Materials and Methods. The research enrolled 90 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). All images were attained from both sides. Muscle measurements contained muscle thickness (MT), cross-sectional area (CSA), echo intensity (EI), and corrected EI. The binary logistic regression and multiple linear regression were used to investigate the association between muscle ultrasound parameters and DPN or vibration perception threshold (VPT). Results. EI, corrected EI, MT of MG, and EI of TA were associated with DPN separately after adjusting other clinical variates. Among these muscle parameters, the EI of MG had a better predictive value (OR: 1.114, 95% CI: 1.039, 1.196) of DPN. Combined with CSA of RF, peripheral artery disease (PAD), and sex, the corrected EI of MG was associated with the vibration perception threshold (VPT) (standard <jats:inline-formula>\n                     <a:math xmlns:a=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M1\">\n                        <a:mi>\u03b2<\/a:mi>\n                        <a:mo>=<\/a:mo>\n                        <a:mn>0.242<\/a:mn>\n                     <\/a:math>\n                  <\/jats:inline-formula>, <jats:inline-formula>\n                     <c:math xmlns:c=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M2\">\n                        <c:mi>p<\/c:mi>\n                        <c:mo>&lt;<\/c:mo>\n                        <c:mn>0.001<\/c:mn>\n                     <\/c:math>\n                  <\/jats:inline-formula>), better than the EI of MG (standard <jats:inline-formula>\n                     <e:math xmlns:e=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M3\">\n                        <e:mi>\u03b2<\/e:mi>\n                        <e:mo>=<\/e:mo>\n                        <e:mn>0.215<\/e:mn>\n                     <\/e:math>\n                  <\/jats:inline-formula>, <jats:inline-formula>\n                     <g:math xmlns:g=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M4\">\n                        <g:mi>p<\/g:mi>\n                        <g:mo>=<\/g:mo>\n                        <g:mn>0.002<\/g:mn>\n                     <\/g:math>\n                  <\/jats:inline-formula>). Conclusions. MG (MT, EI, and corrected EI) and TA (EI) were associated with DPN, respectively. CSA of RF and corrected EI or EI of MG combined with PAD and sex were associated with VPT significantly, which supported that muscle ultrasound might be a substantial quantitative tool for detecting the exercise benefits for DPN.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1155\/2023\/8897065","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,19]],"date-time":"2023-12-19T23:50:06Z","timestamp":1703029806000},"page":"1-7","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["The Relationship between Muscle Ultrasound Parameters and Diabetic Peripheral Neuropathy among Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Cross-Sectional Study"],"prefix":"10.1155","volume":"2023","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0008-2119-4568","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Yanling","family":"Zhong","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ultrasound, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong 515000, China"},{"name":"Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong 515000, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0003-8459-8651","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Xiaojia","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ultrasound, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong 515000, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3244-0329","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Teng","family":"Lin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ultrasound, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong 515000, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","reference":[{"key":"1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1474-4422(22)00188-0"},{"key":"2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jdi.13515"},{"key":"3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fendo.2022.917113"},{"key":"4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/ggi.14462"},{"key":"5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.diabres.2020.108096"},{"key":"6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jcsm.12210"},{"key":"7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ultrasmedbio.2008.09.016"},{"key":"8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mus.24656"},{"key":"9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ultrasmedbio.2018.04.009"},{"key":"10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1139\/apnm-2020-0114"},{"key":"11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(19)31138-9"},{"key":"12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10286-019-00607-x"},{"key":"13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00421-020-04556-6"},{"key":"14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjdrc-2021-002312"},{"key":"15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2337\/db22-0009"},{"key":"16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/diagnostics11081471"},{"key":"17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph20075413"},{"key":"18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2014\/927069"},{"key":"19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fendo.2023.1148093"},{"key":"20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jcu.23365"},{"key":"21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00330-019-06573-2"},{"issue":"1","key":"22","first-page":"12","article-title":"Clinical guidelines for prevention and treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus in the elderly in China (2022 edition)","volume":"61","author":"Prevention, Diabetes, and Treatment of Clinical Guidelines Writing Group","year":"2022","journal-title":"Zhonghua Nei Ke Za Zhi"},{"issue":"1","key":"23","first-page":"13","article-title":"A comparison of clinical effectiveness of different neuropathy scoring systems in screening asymptomatic diabetic peripheral neuropathy","volume":"51","author":"H. 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