{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,17]],"date-time":"2026-04-17T11:40:40Z","timestamp":1776426040837,"version":"3.51.2"},"reference-count":28,"publisher":"Wiley","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,24]],"date-time":"2023-02-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1677196800000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["International Journal of Clinical Practice"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,24]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Background. Performing spinal anesthesia with at least hemodynamic variation and complications is always challenging for anesthesiologists. In this study, we investigated the effect of ephedrine and placebo on hemodynamic changes in patients undergoing percutaneous nephrolithotomy with spinal anesthesia. Methods. This randomized, double-blind prospective clinical trial was conducted on 120 patients aged 20\u201260 years with ASA (American Society of Anesthesiologists) classes I and II. Patients who were candidates for percutaneous nephrolithotomy with spinal anesthesia were divided into intervention (received 1\u2009cc\u2009=\u20095\u2009mg ephedrine) and control groups (received 1\u2009cc normal saline). All vital parameters, including HR (heart rate) and NIBP (noninvasive blood pressure), were recorded perioperatively T0\u2013T25) and finally at the end of surgery time (Tf). The results were analyzed by SPSS software version 23, and a <jats:inline-formula>\n                     <a:math xmlns:a=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M1\">\n                        <a:mi>P<\/a:mi>\n                     <\/a:math>\n                  <\/jats:inline-formula> value \u22640.05 was considered significant. Results. The mean arterial pressure during surgery between T3 and T9 and the mean heart rate in times of T3\u2013T8 in the intervention group were higher than in the control group, and this difference was statistically significant (<jats:inline-formula>\n                     <c:math xmlns:c=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M2\">\n                        <c:mi>P<\/c:mi>\n                        <c:mo>&lt;<\/c:mo>\n                        <c:mn>0.05<\/c:mn>\n                     <\/c:math>\n                  <\/jats:inline-formula>). The incidence of hypotension, bradycardia, nausea, and vomiting and the amount of prescribed ephedrine, atropine, and ondansetron in the control group were higher than in the intervention group (<jats:inline-formula>\n                     <e:math xmlns:e=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M3\">\n                        <e:mi>P<\/e:mi>\n                        <e:mo>=<\/e:mo>\n                        <e:mn>0.001<\/e:mn>\n                     <\/e:math>\n                  <\/jats:inline-formula>). Seven patients in the control group and four in the intervention group had shivering, but this difference was not statistically significant (<jats:inline-formula>\n                     <g:math xmlns:g=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M4\">\n                        <g:mi>P<\/g:mi>\n                        <g:mo>=<\/g:mo>\n                        <g:mn>0.43<\/g:mn>\n                     <\/g:math>\n                  <\/jats:inline-formula>). Conclusion. This study showed the effectiveness of the prescription of 5\u2009mg ephedrine two minutes before changing from the lithotomy position to the supine in maintaining hemodynamic stability, reducing hypotension, bradycardia, nausea, and vomiting, and the amount of prescribed ephedrine, atropine, and ondansetron. Trial Registrations. This trial is registered with IRCT20160430027677N22.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1155\/2023\/8966501","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,24]],"date-time":"2023-02-24T16:05:07Z","timestamp":1677254707000},"page":"1-9","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["The Prophylaxis Effect of Ephedrine on Hemodynamic Variation in Patients Undergoing Percutaneous Nephrolithotomy Surgery with Spinal Anesthesia"],"prefix":"10.1155","volume":"2023","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0479-5843","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Shahryar","family":"Sane","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anesthesiology, Urmia Imam Khomeini Hospital, Urmia University of Medical Science, Urmia, Iran"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6350-4431","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Ali Akbar","family":"Nasiri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anesthesiology, Urmia Imam Khomeini Hospital, Urmia University of Medical Science, Urmia, Iran"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3533-4214","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Ayatay","family":"Bahrami","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, Urmia Imam Khomeini Hospital, Urmia University of Medical Science, Urmia, Iran"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6551-3155","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Zaynitdin","family":"Kamalov","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Immunoregulation, Institute of Immunology and Human Genomics, Academy of Science of the Republic of Uzbekistan, Yakhyo Gulamov Str. 74, Tashkent, Uzbekistan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1428-787X","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Shadia","family":"Hamoud Alshahrani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Medical Surgical Nursing Department, King Khalid University, Almahala, Khamis Mushate, Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4336-9022","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Hadi","family":"Sajid Abdulabbas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Continuous Education Department, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Al-Ameed, Karbala 56001, Iraq"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0148-4081","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Shahram","family":"Darvishzadehdaledari","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Health Sciences, University of York, Heslington, York, UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2008-5115","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Parang","family":"Golabi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anesthesiology, Omid Charity Hospital, Urmia University of Medical Science, Urmia, Iran"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2741-2166","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Behzad","family":"Kazemi Haki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anesthesiology, Urmia Imam Khomeini Hospital, Urmia University of Medical Science, Urmia, Iran"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","reference":[{"key":"1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.22034\/jcr.2021.291486.1122"},{"key":"2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.26655\/jmchemsci.2022.3.10"},{"key":"3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4103\/jnsbm.jnsbm_101_19"},{"key":"4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4103\/2277-9175.167030"},{"key":"5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5812\/ijp.116822"},{"key":"6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.aju.2012.03.004"},{"key":"7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2016\/9036872"},{"key":"8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2021\/8858312"},{"key":"9","first-page":"73","article-title":"Computational studies of stability, reactivity and degradation properties of ephedrine; a stimulant and precursor of illicit drugs","volume":"2","author":"S. 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