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Most of the IT2FVIKOR methods are created from linguistic variables based on Interval Type-2 Fuzzy Set (IT2FS) and its generalization, such as Interval Type-2 Fuzzy Numbers (IT2FNs). Recent literature suggests that equitable linguistic scales can offer a better alternative, particularly when IT2FSs have some limitations in handling uncertainty and imbalance. This paper proposes the extended IT2FVIKOR with an equitable linguistic scale and Z-Numbers, where its linguistic scale introduces an equitable balance of positive and negative scales added to the restriction and reliability approach. Different from the typical IT2FVIKOR, which directly utilizes IT2FNs with a positive membership, the proposed method introduces positive and negative membership where each side considers a restriction and reliability approach. Besides, this paper also offers objective weights using fuzzy entropy-based IT2FS to calculate the weights of the extended IT2FVIKOR. The obtained solutions would help decision makers (DMs) identify the best solution to enhance water security projects in terms of finding the best strategies for water supply security in Malaysia.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1155\/2023\/9270880","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,11]],"date-time":"2023-01-11T13:21:03Z","timestamp":1673443263000},"page":"1-26","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["An Extended Interval Type-2 Fuzzy VIKOR Technique with Equitable Linguistic Scales and Z-Numbers for Solving Water Security Problems in Malaysia"],"prefix":"10.1155","volume":"2023","author":[{"given":"Wan Nur Amira","family":"Wan Azman","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Informatics and Computing, Universiti Sultan Zainal Abidin, Besut Campus, 22200 Besut, Terengganu, Malaysia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2039-6682","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Nurnadiah","family":"Zamri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Informatics and Computing, Universiti Sultan Zainal Abidin, Besut Campus, 22200 Besut, Terengganu, Malaysia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Siti Sabariah","family":"Abas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Informatics and Computing, Universiti Sultan Zainal Abidin, Besut Campus, 22200 Besut, Terengganu, Malaysia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Azimah","family":"Ismail","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"East Coast Environmental Research Institute, Universiti Sultan Zainal Abidin, Gong Badak Campus, 21300 Kuala Nerus, Terengganu, Malaysia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Zamali","family":"Tarmudi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Computer and Mathematics Sciences, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Johor Branch, Segamat Campus, Jalan Universiti Off Km. 12 Jalan Muar, 85000 Segamat, Johor Darul Ta\u2019zim, Malaysia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Syibrah","family":"Naim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Computer & Information Science, University of Strathclyde, 16 Richmond St, Glasgow G1 1XQ, UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6646-4751","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Lazim","family":"Abdullah","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Ocean Engineering Technology and Informatics, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, 21030 Kuala Nerus, Terengganu, Malaysia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","reference":[{"key":"1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/s0165-0114(83)80082-7"},{"key":"2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/s0165-0114(97)00377-1"},{"key":"3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0165-0114(93)90251-c"},{"key":"4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00500-010-0563-5"},{"key":"5","volume-title":"The DEMATEL Observer","author":"E. 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