{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,21]],"date-time":"2026-09-21T16:15:36Z","timestamp":1790007336572,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":51,"publisher":"Wiley","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,23]],"date-time":"2024-03-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1711152000000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100009619","name":"Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["JP211k0310078"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["JP211k0310078"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100009619","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Takano Co., Ltd.","award":["JP211k0310078"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["JP211k0310078"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,23]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Tongue diagnosis is one of the important diagnostic methods in Kampo (traditional Japanese) medicine, in which the color and shape of the tongue are used to determine the patient\u2019s constitution and systemic symptoms. Tongue diagnosis is performed with the patient in the sitting or supine positions; however, the differences in tongue color in these two different positions have not been analyzed. We developed tongue image analyzing system (TIAS), which can quantify tongue color by capturing tongue images in the sitting and supine positions. We analyzed the effects on tongue color in two different body positions. Tongue color was quantified as <jats:inline-formula><a:math xmlns:a=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M1\"><a:msup><a:mrow><a:mi>L<\/a:mi><\/a:mrow><a:mi>\u2217<\/a:mi><\/a:msup><a:msup><a:mrow><a:mi>a<\/a:mi><\/a:mrow><a:mi>\u2217<\/a:mi><\/a:msup><a:msup><a:mrow><a:mi>b<\/a:mi><\/a:mrow><a:mi>\u2217<\/a:mi><\/a:msup><\/a:math><\/jats:inline-formula> from tongue images of 18 patients in two different body positions by taking images with TIAS. The CIEDE 2000 color difference equation (\u0394E00) was used to assess the difference in tongue color in two different body positions. Correlations were also determined between \u0394E00, physical characteristics, and laboratory test values. The mean and median \u0394E00 for 18 patients were 2.85 and 2.34, respectively. Of these patients, 77.8% had a \u0394E00\u2009&lt;\u20094.1. A weak positive correlation was obtained between \u0394E00 and systolic blood pressure and fasting plasma glucose. Approximately 80% of patients\u2019 tongue color did not change between the sitting and supine positions. This indicates that the diagnostic results of tongue color are trustworthy even if medical professionals perform tongue diagnosis in two different body positions.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1155\/2024\/1209853","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,23]],"date-time":"2024-03-23T19:35:08Z","timestamp":1711222508000},"page":"1-9","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Effects of Sitting and Supine Positions on Tongue Color as Measured by Tongue Image Analyzing System and Its Relation to Biometric Information"],"prefix":"10.1155","volume":"2024","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0004-7019-7213","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Aya","family":"Murakami","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Pharmaceutical Education, Faculty of Pharmacy, Yokohama University of Pharmacy, 601 Matano-Cho, Totsuka-Ku, Yokohama 245-0066, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9785-4755","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Akira","family":"Morita","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Sumida Kampo Clinic, East Asian Medicine Center, Chiba University Hospital, 1-19-1 Bunka, Sumida-Ku, Tokyo 131-0044, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yuki","family":"Watanabe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Japanese-Oriental (Kampo) Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, 1-8-1 Inohana, Chuo-Ku, Chiba 260-8670, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Takaya","family":"Ishikawa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Graduate School of Engineering, Chiba University, 1-33 Yayoi-Cho, Inage-Ku, Chiba 263-8522, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Toshiya","family":"Nakaguchi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Frontier Medical Engineering, Chiba University, 1-33 Yayoi-Cho, Inage-Ku, Chiba 263-8522, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sadayuki","family":"Ochi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Sumida Kampo Clinic, East Asian Medicine Center, Chiba University Hospital, 1-19-1 Bunka, Sumida-Ku, Tokyo 131-0044, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Takao","family":"Namiki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Japanese-Oriental (Kampo) Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, 1-8-1 Inohana, Chuo-Ku, Chiba 260-8670, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","reference":[{"key":"1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/tkm2.1239"},{"key":"2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/tkm2.1236"},{"issue":"1","key":"3","first-page":"45","article-title":"Use and acceptance of complementary and alternative medicine among the general population and medical personnel: a systematic review","volume":"12","author":"M. 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