{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,19]],"date-time":"2026-08-19T20:13:08Z","timestamp":1787170388008,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":31,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,30]],"date-time":"2024-08-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1724976000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":242,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Transboundary and Emerging Diseases"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    Ventilator\u2010associated pneumonia (VAP) represents an important nosocomial infection, frequently encountered in intensive care unit (ICU) settings which results in prolonged hospitals stays. The nosocomial infections caused by\n                    <jats:italic>Burkholderia cepacia<\/jats:italic>\n                    complex (BCC) bacteria pose a significant challenge in healthcare settings owing to their intrinsic resistance to many antibiotics. This study investigates the antimicrobial susceptibility patterns and mechanisms of carbapenem resistance among BCC bacteria from VAP patients and the ventilator tubing. The blood and respiratory specimens from patients diagnosed with VAP were collected. In addition, the ventilators were also screened for the presence of BCC bacteria. The susceptibility profiling of BCC isolates was performed against the various antimicrobial agents, and screening for acquired beta\u2010lactamase enzymes was conducted by polymerase chain reaction. Out of the total 134 patients with BCC\u2010associated VAP,\n                    <jats:italic>B. cepacia<\/jats:italic>\n                    ,\n                    <jats:italic>Burkholderia multivorans<\/jats:italic>\n                    , and\n                    <jats:italic>Burkholderia cenocepacia<\/jats:italic>\n                    was 68.7% (\n                    <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u200992), 18.7% (\n                    <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u200925), and 12.7% (\n                    <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u200917). Overall, the BCC isolates showed varying susceptibility to different antibiotics: 76.9% were susceptible to chloramphenicol, 76.1% to minocycline, 69.4% to meropenem, 60.4% to ceftazidime, 51.5% to trimethoprim\u2010sulfamethoxazole, and 50% to levofloxacin. Resistance to ceftazidime (51\/92, 55.4%) and meropenem (36\/92, 39.1%) was exclusively observed in\n                    <jats:italic>B. cepacia<\/jats:italic>\n                    isolates, and all isolates of\n                    <jats:italic>B. multivorans<\/jats:italic>\n                    and\n                    <jats:italic>B. cenocepacia<\/jats:italic>\n                    were found to be susceptible to both beta\u2010lactam drugs. Among the 134 clinical isolates, 15 were found to harbor the\n                    <jats:italic>bla<\/jats:italic>\n                    <jats:sub>NDM<\/jats:sub>\n                    variants, that is,\n                    <jats:italic>bla<\/jats:italic>\n                    <jats:sub>NDM\u22121<\/jats:sub>\n                    and\n                    <jats:italic>bla<\/jats:italic>\n                    <jats:sub>NDM\u22125<\/jats:sub>\n                    . All carbapenem\u2010resistant isolates from the ventilator tubing were identified as\n                    <jats:italic>B. cepacia<\/jats:italic>\n                    and were found to harbor either the\n                    <jats:italic>bla<\/jats:italic>\n                    <jats:sub>NDM\u22121<\/jats:sub>\n                    or the\n                    <jats:italic>bla<\/jats:italic>\n                    <jats:sub>NDM\u22125<\/jats:sub>\n                    variants. The observed increase in resistance and the emergence of acquired beta\u2010lactamases among BCC isolates highlight a concerning trend that could potentially lead to serious outbreaks.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1155\/2024\/3352135","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,30]],"date-time":"2024-08-30T06:19:51Z","timestamp":1724998791000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Carbapenem\u2010Resistant\n                    <i>Burkholderia cepacia<\/i>\n                    Complex Isolates Carrying\n                    <i>bla<\/i>\n                    <sub>NDM\u22121<\/sub>\n                    and\n                    <i>bla<\/i>\n                    <sub>NDM\u22125<\/sub>\n                    in Ventilator\u2010Associated Pneumonia Patients and Contaminated Ventilator Tubing"],"prefix":"10.1155","volume":"2024","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8602-0827","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Muhammad","family":"Saeed","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5404-1970","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Farhan","family":"Rasheed","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6324-1798","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Muhammad Hidayat","family":"Rasool","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9455-5634","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sumreen","family":"Hayat","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3196-2857","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mohsin","family":"Khurshid","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,30]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_12_1_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/CMR.00051-05"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00134-020-05980-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/ciy543"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.12688\/f1000research"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s40121-023-00820-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3855\/jidc.12012"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajic.2017.11.018"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/CMR.00139-19"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bcr-2019-229566"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4103\/IJCIIS.IJCIIS_31_18"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/mdr.2017.0069"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/cc6877"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"CheesbroughM. 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