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We report a case report in which preoperative administration of midazolam caused onset of the aforementioned symptoms that were not attenuated by general anesthesia with dexmedetomidine. This case report aims to create awareness about the rare adverse reactions of midazolam and prepare clinicians to manage these situations.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1155\/2024\/4152422","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,26]],"date-time":"2024-03-26T17:20:12Z","timestamp":1711473612000},"page":"1-4","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Persistent Paradoxical Reaction to Midazolam despite General Anesthesia with Dexmedetomidine"],"prefix":"10.1155","volume":"2024","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3106-6972","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Sarah","family":"Park","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, 9501 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0113-1742","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Mariam","family":"Ibrahim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anesthesiology, MetroHealth Medical Center, 2500 MetroHealth Drive, Cleveland, OH 44109, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0005-8360-5455","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Augusto","family":"Torres","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anesthesiology, MetroHealth Medical Center, 2500 MetroHealth Drive, Cleveland, OH 44109, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","reference":[{"key":"1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.EEM.0000512772.55657.f6"},{"key":"2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1213\/XAA.0000000000001248"},{"key":"3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7759\/cureus.17678"},{"key":"4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/ipd.12127"},{"key":"5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365263x.2007.00902.x"},{"key":"6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4097\/kjae.2013.65.1.9"},{"key":"7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4097\/kjae.2013.65.1.2"},{"key":"8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1124\/mol.110.069542"},{"key":"9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/s0014-5793(98)00803-5"},{"key":"10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0310057x8701500314"},{"key":"11","first-page":"203","article-title":"The effects of benzodiazepines, meprobamate, and barbiturates on central monoamine neurons","author":"P. 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