{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,30]],"date-time":"2026-07-30T23:56:48Z","timestamp":1785455808694,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":46,"publisher":"Wiley","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,12]],"date-time":"2024-04-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1712880000000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100015726","name":"Universitas Trisakti","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100015726","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Anemia"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Background. Anemia, a global health concern, affects one-fourth of the global population, particularly women. In Indonesia, its prevalence is 23.7%, with 32.0% among 15-24 year-olds. Factors include poor nutrition, infectious diseases, chronic diseases, inherited disorders, and inadequate healthcare access. This study aimed to investigate anemia prevalence and its etiology among medical students from Jakarta. Methods. This study was a descriptive research with a cross-sectional approach. Undergraduate students aged 18\u201323\u2009years old were selected and consented to participate by a consecutive nonrandom sampling methods. Laboratory blood data were evaluated (including Hb, MCV, MCH, HbA2, and ferritin levels) and DNA was isolated to confirm the type of thalassemia carrier. Results. In total, 140 medical students, mainly female, were recruited. Anemia was found in 13.6% (11.4% had low MCV and\/or MCH), and 16.5% had low MCV and\/or MCH without anemia. Hb electrophoresis revealed high HbA2 values, suggesting the HbE variant (2.1%), and \u03b2-thalassemia carrier (0.7%). DNA analysis confirmed the cd26 mutation and heterozygous IVS1nt5. Among those without anemia, 5% had \u03b1-deletion, while in the group with anemia, 1.4% had \u03b1-deletion (with coexistent IDA), 3.6% had \u03b1-deletion, and 0.7% had \u03b2-mutation. Conclusion. DNA analysis can identify specific mutations associated with alpha-thalassemia, distinguishing between iron deficiency anemia and the alpha-thalassemia trait. Thalassemia screening should involve low MCV and\/or MCH values as the first step (stage 1), followed by Hb analysis (stage 2) and DNA analysis (stage 3). In common areas, a combination of Hb and DNA testing is best. However, healthcare professionals must diagnose and treat thalassemia, as proper management relies on accurately identifying the underlying condition.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1155\/2024\/4215439","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,12]],"date-time":"2024-04-12T19:50:07Z","timestamp":1712951407000},"page":"1-8","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Anemia among Medical Students from Jakarta: Indonesia\u2014Iron Deficiency or Carrier Thalassemia?"],"prefix":"10.1155","volume":"2024","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6254-8336","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Raditya","family":"Wratsangka","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Trisakti, West Jakarta, Indonesia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7835-3979","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Endrico Xavierees","family":"Tungka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Trisakti, West Jakarta, Indonesia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8996-111X","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Aditya Krishna","family":"Murthi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Trisakti, West Jakarta, Indonesia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9972-8696","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Soegianto","family":"Ali","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Biology, Biomedical Science Study Program, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Atma Jaya Catholic University of Indonesia, South Jakarta, Indonesia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9148-4359","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Ita Margaretha","family":"Nainggolan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Biomedical Science Study Program, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Atma Jaya Catholic University of Indonesia, South Jakarta, Indonesia"},{"name":"Eijkman Research Center for Molecular Biology, National Research and Innovation Agency, Bogor, Indonesia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9092-5848","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Edhyana","family":"Sahiratmadja","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran, Bandung, Indonesia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","reference":[{"key":"1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/s2352-3026(23)00160-6"},{"key":"2","article-title":"Global anaemia estimates","volume-title":"Global Anaemia Estimates in Women of Reproductive Age","author":"World Health Organizations (Who)","year":"2021"},{"key":"3","volume-title":"Laporan Riskesdas 2018 Nasional","author":"Kementerian Kesehatan Republik Indonesia (Ministry of Health Republic of Indonesia","year":"2019"},{"key":"4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/nu14183777"},{"key":"5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2991\/ahsr.k.200311.044"},{"key":"6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.18051\/univmed.2015.v34.220-228"},{"issue":"1","key":"7","first-page":"25","article-title":"Prevalence of thalassemia traits in people without anemia or microcytosis","volume":"24","author":"S. Insiripong","year":"2014","journal-title":"Journal of Hematology and Transfusion"},{"key":"8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/03630269.2021.2023565"},{"key":"9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2021-054736"},{"key":"10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2458-11-193"},{"key":"11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph17207354"},{"key":"12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bpobgyn.2016.10.013"},{"issue":"2","key":"13","first-page":"57","article-title":"Evaluation of prevalence of anemia and its sociodemographic correlation among undergraduate medical college students-A cross sectional study \u201cevaluation of prevalence of anemia and its sociodemographic correlation among undergraduate medical college students\u201d-A cross sectional study","volume":"5","author":"A. Javed","year":"2017","journal-title":"World Journal of Nutrition and Health"},{"key":"14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.24087\/iam.2017.1.5.134"},{"key":"15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3126\/jcmsn.v16i2.25652"},{"key":"16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.18535\/jmscr\/v5i7.250"},{"issue":"4","key":"17","first-page":"287","article-title":"Prevalence of iron deficiency anaemia and thalassaemia trait among undergraduate medical students","volume":"163","author":"R. Z. Azma","year":"2012","journal-title":"Clinica Terapeutica"},{"key":"18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/md.0000000000027271"},{"key":"19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2013-05-505297"},{"issue":"4","key":"20","first-page":"1999","article-title":"Iron deficiency anemia (IDA): a review","volume":"5","author":"S. Kaur","year":"2016","journal-title":"International Journal of Scientific Research"},{"key":"21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/nu14142976"},{"key":"22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.18585\/inabj.v14i3.1960"},{"key":"23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1258\/shorts.2012.011173"},{"issue":"12","key":"24","first-page":"17666","article-title":"Efficacy of hemoglobin level in diagnosing of beta thalassemia","author":"F. Zafar","year":"2019","journal-title":"Indo Am. J P Sci [Internet]"},{"key":"25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mrrev.2021.108387"},{"key":"26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-022-09250-5"},{"key":"27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.12669\/pjms.332.11854"},{"key":"28","first-page":"15","article-title":"Original research paper prevalence of anaemia among female","volume":"2250","author":"C. Gore","year":"1991","journal-title":"Dr Pooja Prasad"},{"key":"29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3126\/ajms.v11i3.27124"},{"key":"30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2017\/6935648"},{"key":"31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1309\/ajcp1l7dkmpchpeh"},{"key":"32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/ijlh.12340"},{"key":"33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.18203\/2320-6012.ijrms20150143"},{"issue":"4","key":"34","first-page":"355","article-title":"Prevalence of anemia in English-class medical students of udayana university","volume":"7","author":"Natakusuma Tisd","year":"2018","journal-title":"International Journal of Scientific Research"},{"key":"35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4103\/jdmimsu.jdmimsu_190_20"},{"key":"36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.18203\/2320-1770.ijrcog20172003"},{"key":"37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4103\/sjhs.sjhs_79_18"},{"issue":"6","key":"38","first-page":"1240","article-title":"Anemia por deficiencia de hierro en adolescentes; una revision de la literatura","volume":"29","author":"R. C. A. Cairo","year":"2014","journal-title":"Nutricion Hospitalaria"},{"key":"39","article-title":"Determinants of nutritional anemia in adolescents","volume":"867","author":"D. Thomas","year":"2015","journal-title":"Indian Pediatrics"},{"key":"40","article-title":"A review on thalassemia and related complications","volume":"23","author":"M. R. Mahdavi","year":"2013","journal-title":"Journal of Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences"},{"key":"41","first-page":"207","article-title":"Profil kesehatan Indonesia 2018","author":"R. I. Kemenkes","year":"2019"},{"key":"42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMc1413185"},{"key":"43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5005\/jp-journals-10085-8126"},{"key":"44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.21037\/atm-20-7896"},{"key":"45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph18031360"},{"key":"46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12884-023-05365-3"}],"container-title":["Anemia"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/downloads.hindawi.com\/journals\/anemia\/2024\/4215439.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/downloads.hindawi.com\/journals\/anemia\/2024\/4215439.xml","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/downloads.hindawi.com\/journals\/anemia\/2024\/4215439.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,12]],"date-time":"2024-04-12T19:50:18Z","timestamp":1712951418000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.hindawi.com\/journals\/anemia\/2024\/4215439\/"}},"subtitle":[],"editor":[{"given":"Duran","family":"Canatan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"editor"}]}],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,12]]},"references-count":46,"alternative-id":["4215439","4215439"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1155\/2024\/4215439","relation":{},"ISSN":["2090-1275","2090-1267"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2090-1275","type":"electronic"},{"value":"2090-1267","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,12]]}}}