{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,21]],"date-time":"2026-10-21T22:49:35Z","timestamp":1792622975825,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":28,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,22]],"date-time":"2024-10-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1729555200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":295,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100007300","name":"China Medical University","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["M0181"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["M0181"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100007300","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Pain Research and Management"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p><jats:bold>Background:<\/jats:bold> Cancer\u2010related pain is a pervasive symptom affecting the quality of life in patients with malignant tumors. For those with refractory pain, palliative sedation combined with pain management is recommended. Dexmedetomidine (DEX), known for its unique \u201cawake sedation\u201d effect, remains relatively unexplored when used in conjunction with patient\u2010controlled analgesia (PCA) for terminal\u2010stage cancer patients. This study aimed to assess the safety and efficacy of DEX for palliative sedation with PCA in patients experiencing refractory pain.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Methods:<\/jats:bold> A retrospective analysis was conducted on terminal\u2010stage cancer patients who received DEX for palliative sedation combined with PCA in a hospice ward between January 2020 and June 2023. Data collection included general patient information, laboratory tests, rating scales, pain and analgesia conditions, sedation details, palliative sedative effects, and changes in vital signs before and after sedation.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Results:<\/jats:bold> Nine patients with terminal\u2010stage cancer received DEX palliative sedation at doses ranging from 0.2 to 1.0\u2009<jats:italic>\u03bc<\/jats:italic>g\/kg\u00b7h combined with PCA for refractory pain. After 1\u2009h of sedation and at the maximum sedation dose, the Richmond Agitation\u2010Sedation Scale scores significantly decreased (all <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic> &lt; 0.001). While heart rate, blood oxygen saturation, and respiratory rate remained stable, systolic blood pressure and diastolic blood pressure after 1\u2009h of sedation were significantly lower than presedation levels (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic> = 0.040 and <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic> = 0.044, respectively).<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Conclusion:<\/jats:bold> DEX emerges as a promising option for palliative sedation in terminal\u2010stage cancer patients. When used in conjunction with PCA, DEX has been shown to effectively, safely, and stably control refractory pain without inducing adverse effects such as respiratory\/circulatory depression.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1155\/2024\/4707707","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,22]],"date-time":"2024-10-22T09:04:36Z","timestamp":1729587876000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Dexmedetomidine Combined With Patient\u2010Controlled Analgesia for Palliative Sedation in Terminal\u2010Stage Cancer Patients With Refractory Pain: A Retrospective Analysis of Nine Cases"],"prefix":"10.1155","volume":"2024","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9841-2200","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Na","family":"Li","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yumei","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9955-318X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Meng","family":"Cui","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_1_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12913-024-10710-z"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_2","first-page":"109","article-title":"Palliative Treatment of Intractable Cancer Pain","volume":"61","author":"Fumi\u0107 D. L.","year":"2022","journal-title":"Acta Clinica Croatica"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_2","first-page":"1","article-title":"Comparing Patient-Controlled Analgesia Versus Non-PCA Hydromorphone Titration for Severe","volume":"19","author":"Lin R.","year":"2021","journal-title":"Cancer Pain: A Randomized Phase III Trial"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.6004\/jnccn.2009.0031"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1472-6947-13-72"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/jpm.2018.0141"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s40520-021-02032-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12904-023-01298-y"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/jpm.2019.0427"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00266-021-02566-z"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2253-15-17"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4097\/kjae.2015.68.6.575"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.21037\/apm-21-1989"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s40262-017-0507-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2147\/cmar.s404934"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1253\/circj.cj-19-0125"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0292016"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjspcare-2021-003081"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpainsymman.2020.09.022"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12904-017-0264-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12904-016-0121-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopha.2019.108838"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12904-020-00592-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_24_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/s0034-7094(12)70110-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_25_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12871-017-0324-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_26_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/srep21514"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_27_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1200\/jco.2011.37.3795"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_28_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/s1470-2045(15)00401-5"}],"container-title":["Pain Research and Management"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1155\/2024\/4707707","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,22]],"date-time":"2024-10-22T09:04:40Z","timestamp":1729587880000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1155\/2024\/4707707"}},"subtitle":[],"editor":[{"given":"Massimiliano","family":"Valeriani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"editor"}]}],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,1]]},"references-count":28,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,1]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1155\/2024\/4707707"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1155\/2024\/4707707","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1203-6765","1918-1523"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1203-6765","type":"print"},{"value":"1918-1523","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,1]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2024-01-09","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2024-10-08","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2024-10-22","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}],"article-number":"4707707"}}