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However, prior studies showed no substantial differences in bacterial clearance between CF and non-CF mice after single inoculations. Here, using F508del transgenic CF mice, we examined the role of repeated acute Pseudomonas aeruginosa (PA) infection, with the second inoculation 7 days after the first. We found that CF mice were more susceptible to PA infection than non-CF mice following the second inoculation, with non-CF mice showing better neutrophil recruitment and effector functions. We further investigated the characteristics of lung immune cells using single-cell RNA sequencing, finding that non-CF lung neutrophils had more prominent upregulation of adhesion molecules including intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) compared to CF lung neutrophils. Although people with CF are often colonized with bacteria and have high numbers of neutrophils in the airways during chronic infection, these data suggest that CF neutrophils have deficient effector functions in the setting of repeated acute infection.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1155\/2024\/4769779","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,5]],"date-time":"2024-02-05T17:35:09Z","timestamp":1707154509000},"page":"1-15","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Cystic Fibrosis Mice Are Highly Susceptible to Repeated Acute Pseudomonas aeruginosa Pneumonia after Intranasal Inoculation"],"prefix":"10.1155","volume":"2024","author":[{"given":"Mariel","family":"Manzor","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anesthesiology, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Cardiac Anesthesia Division, Boston Children\u2019s Hospital, Boston, 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