{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,1]],"date-time":"2026-09-01T16:21:08Z","timestamp":1788279668625,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":52,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,2]],"date-time":"2024-09-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1725235200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":245,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003725","name":"National Research Foundation of Korea","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["NRF-2020R1A2C2003472"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NRF-2020R1A2C2003472"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003725","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003725","name":"National Research Foundation of Korea","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["NRF-2020M3E5D9080733"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NRF-2020M3E5D9080733"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003725","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100019418","name":"NIHR Maudsley Biomedical Research Centre","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100019418","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100009362","name":"South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100009362","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100009360","name":"King's College London","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100009360","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100010872","name":"King's College Hospital NHS Foundation Trust","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100010872","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100014013","name":"UK Research and Innovation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100014013","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000276","name":"Department of Health & Social Care","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000276","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Depression and Anxiety"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p><jats:italic>Objectives<\/jats:italic>. This study investigated post\u2010traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) trajectories and their predictors over a 2\u2010year period, in individuals recovering from physical injuries. <jats:italic>Materials and Methods<\/jats:italic>. Between June 2015 and January 2021, 1,142 patients from a South Korean University Hospital Trauma Center underwent baseline evaluations, including PTSD\u2010related measures and sociodemographic characteristics. They were subsequently followed up for PTSD using the Clinician\u2010Administered PTSD Scale at 3, 6, 12, and 24 months. The analyzed sample consisted of 1,014 patients who were followed up at least once after the baseline and 3\u2010month evaluations. Latent class growth analysis and logistic regression models were used. <jats:italic>Results<\/jats:italic>. Five distinctive trajectories were identified: resilient, worsening\/recovery, worsening, recovery, and chronic groups. The worsening\/recovery trajectory was associated with previous traumatic events and traffic\u2010related injuries, while the worsening trajectory was linked to higher education and elevated depressive symptoms. The recovery trajectory was characterized by female sex, childhood abuse, traffic\u2010related injuries, dissociative subtype, and higher levels of anxiety and depressive symptoms. The chronic trajectory was predicted by the dissociative subtype and heightened anxiety symptoms. <jats:italic>Conclusion<\/jats:italic>. These findings highlighted the heterogeneity of PTSD symptom development and, thus, the importance of considering individual characteristics when assessing and addressing PTSD following physical injuries.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1155\/2024\/5570405","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,2]],"date-time":"2024-09-02T07:05:16Z","timestamp":1725260716000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Predictors of 2\u2010Year Trajectory of Post\u2010Traumatic Stress Disorder Following Physical Injury"],"prefix":"10.1155","volume":"2024","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7409-6306","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jae-Min","family":"Kim","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9888-1090","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ju-Wan","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5113-8841","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hee-Ju","family":"Kang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ye-Jin","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hyunseok","family":"Jang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jung-Chul","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6739-2163","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sung-Wan","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5370-7649","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Il-Seon","family":"Shin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4435-6397","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Robert","family":"Stewart","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,2]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_1_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.injury.2012.02.015"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpsychires.2021.05.064"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0033291719002253"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamapsychiatry.2013.1137"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.injury.2013.07.011"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.ajp.158.9.1486"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0005-7967(03)00162-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0022-006X.68.5.748"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpsychires.2014.08.017"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/tp.2017.38"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jts.22868"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jts.22384"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41591-020-0951-z"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ynstr.2021.100297"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cpr.2018.05.008"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1192\/bjp.bp.114.145516"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4306\/pi.2017.14.4.513"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyt.2024.1367661"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00005373-197403000-00001"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/s0140-6736(74)91639-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jts.20453"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_22_2","unstructured":"WeathersF. W. BlakeD. D. SchnurrP. P. SchnurrP. P. KaloupekD. G. MarxB. P. andKeaneT. M. The clinician-administered PTSD scale for DSM-5 (CAPS-5) 2017."},{"key":"e_1_2_10_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/da.1029"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_24_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1176\/ajp.2007.164.7.1035"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_25_2","first-page":"102","volume-title":"Handbook of Personality","author":"John O. P.","year":"1999"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_26_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.ajp.159.4.620"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_27_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/da.10113"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_28_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1360-0443.1993.tb02093.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_29_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0447.1983.tb09716.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_30_2","first-page":"61","article-title":"Functional evaluation: the Barthel Index","volume":"14","author":"Mahoney F. I.","year":"1965","journal-title":"Maryland State Medical Journal"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_31_2","first-page":"99","article-title":"A survey of multiple sclerosis, part 1: perceived cognitive problems and compensatory strategy use","volume":"4","author":"Sullivan M. J. L.","year":"1990","journal-title":"Canadian Journal of Rehabilitation"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_32_2","volume-title":"Somatizarion and Hypochondriasis","author":"Kellner R.","year":"1986"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_33_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00131746-200409000-00004"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_34_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1007781909213"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_35_2","first-page":"177","article-title":"PTSD after severe vehicular crashes","volume":"53","author":"Ryb G. E.","year":"2009","journal-title":"Association for the Advancement of Automotive Medicine"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_36_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1192\/bjp.180.4.363"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_37_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1440-1819.2010.02065.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_38_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/da.20324"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_39_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00006842-200105000-00009"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_40_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3233\/NRE-220128"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_41_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/h0079126"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_42_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2105\/AJPH.92.1.92"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_43_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archgenpsychiatry.2011.15"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_44_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S003329171400275X"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_45_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S003329171900388X"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_46_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0022-006X.76.2.219"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_47_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/acr.20417"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_48_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/AJP.0000000000000342"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_49_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00787-022-02015-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_50_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.janxdis.2010.09.004"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_51_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0005-7967(01)00069-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_52_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2147\/CLEP.S265287"}],"container-title":["Depression and Anxiety"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1155\/2024\/5570405","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,2]],"date-time":"2024-09-02T07:05:25Z","timestamp":1725260725000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1155\/2024\/5570405"}},"subtitle":[],"editor":[{"given":"Lut","family":"Tamam","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"editor"}]}],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,1]]},"references-count":52,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,1]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1155\/2024\/5570405"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1155\/2024\/5570405","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1091-4269","1520-6394"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1091-4269","type":"print"},{"value":"1520-6394","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,1]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2024-02-08","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2024-07-26","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2024-09-02","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}],"article-number":"5570405"}}