{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T01:50:11Z","timestamp":1787017811925,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":73,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,28]],"date-time":"2024-10-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1730073600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":301,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["International Journal of Intelligent Systems"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>In the present era, where competition pervades across all domains, profitability holds crucial economic importance for numerous companies, including the banking industry. Offering the right products to customers is a fundamental problem that directly affects banks\u2019 net revenue. Machine learning (ML) approaches can address this issue using customer behavior analysis from historical customer data. This study addresses the issue by processing customer transactions using a bank\u2019s current account debt (CAD) product with state\u2010of\u2010the\u2010art ML approaches. In the first step, exploratory data analysis (EDA) is performed to examine the data and detect patterns and anomalies. Then, different regression methods (tree\u2010based methods) are tested to analyze the model\u2019s performance. The obtained results show that the light gradient boosting machine (LGBM) algorithm outperforms other methods with an 84% accuracy rate in the light gradient boosting algorithm, which is the most accurate of the three methods used.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1155\/2024\/5585575","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,28]],"date-time":"2024-10-28T22:36:11Z","timestamp":1730154971000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Product Recommendation System With Machine Learning Algorithms for SME Banking"],"prefix":"10.1155","volume":"2024","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0953-4338","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ilker","family":"Met","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4468-1269","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ayfer","family":"Erkoc","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7323-3695","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sadi Evren","family":"Seker","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4030-1110","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mehmet Ali","family":"Erturk","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0004-8642-9015","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Baha","family":"Ulug","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_14_1_2","first-page":"1","article-title":"Branch Efficiency and Location Forecasting: Application of Ziraat Bank","volume":"7","author":"Met \u0130.","year":"2017","journal-title":"Journal of Applied Finance and Banking"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_2_2","first-page":"1","article-title":"Big Data: Application Areas, Analytics and Security Dimension","volume":"1","author":"Aktan E.","year":"2018","journal-title":"Information Management"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_3_2","unstructured":"YahyapourN. Determining Factors Affecting Intention to Adopt Banking Recommender System: Case of Iran 2008 Lule\u00e5 University of Technology Lule\u00e5 Sweden Master thesis."},{"key":"e_1_2_14_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/math10142379"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ribaf.2022.101646"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/widm.1299"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/23270012.2020.1734879"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s42786-019-00014-w"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_9_2","unstructured":"ZibriczkyD. Recommender Systems Meet Finance: A Literature Review 2nd International Workshop on Personalization and Recommender Systems in Financial Services August 2016 Bari Italy 1\u201310."},{"key":"e_1_2_14_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"SharifihosseiniA. A Case Study for Presenting Bank Recommender Systems Based on Bon Card Transaction Data 2019 9th International Conference on Computer and Knowledge Engineering (ICCKE) October 2019 Mashhad Iran IEEE 72\u201377.","DOI":"10.1109\/ICCKE48569.2019.8964698"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_11_2","first-page":"1","article-title":"Banks Banking on Ai","volume":"9","author":"Singh K.","year":"2020","journal-title":"International Journal of Advanced Research in Management and Social Sciences"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_12_2","article-title":"An MDP-Based Recommender System","volume":"6","author":"Shani G.","year":"2005","journal-title":"Journal of Machine Learning Research"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/access.2022.3233529"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_14_2","unstructured":"ChouS. C. T. YangC. C. ChanC. H. andLaiF. A Rule-Based Neural Stock Trading Decision Support System IEEE\/IAFE 1996 Conference on Computational Intelligence for Financial Engineering (CIFEr) March 1996 New York NY IEEE 148\u2013154."},{"key":"e_1_2_14_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"MaC.andLiangX. Online Mining in Unstructured Financial Information: An Empirical Study in Bulletin News 2015 12th International Conference on Service Systems and Service Management (ICSSSM) June 2015 Hong Kong China IEEE 1\u20136.","DOI":"10.1109\/ICSSSM.2015.7170151"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_16_2","unstructured":"ChakrabortyC.andJosephA. Machine Learning at Central Banks IFC-Bank of Italy Workshop on Data Science in Central Banking October 2021 Rome."},{"key":"e_1_2_14_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejor.2021.03.006"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.techsoc.2020.101413"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00779-018-1121-x"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11042-022-12564-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s40747-020-00212-w"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_22_2","article-title":"A Survey on Recommender System","volume":"14","author":"Sridevi M.","year":"2016","journal-title":"International Journal of Computer Science and Information Security"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eswa.2019.112900"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_24_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"SharifihosseiniA.andBogdanM. Presenting Bank Service Recommendation for Bon Card Customers: (Case Study: In the Iranian Private Sector Banking Market) 2018 4th Iranian Conference on Signal Processing and Intelligent Systems (ICSPIS) December 2018 Tehran Iran IEEE 145\u2013150 https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/ICSPIS.2018.8700534 2-s2.0-85065622702.","DOI":"10.1109\/ICSPIS.2018.8700534"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_25_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eswa.2019.113006"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_26_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"BarreauB.andCarlierL. History-Augmented Collaborative Filtering for Financial Recommendations Proceedings of the 14th ACM Conference on Recommender Systems September 2020 Rio de Janeiro Italy 492\u2013497 https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/3383313.3412206.","DOI":"10.1145\/3383313.3412206"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_27_2","article-title":"Intelligent Approach for Attracting Churning Customers in Banking Industry Based on Collaborative Filtering","volume":"9","author":"Shafiei Gol E.","year":"2016","journal-title":"International Journal of Industrial and Systems Engineering"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_28_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eswa.2021.116311"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_29_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Vaquero-PatricioC. Van OmmerenN. andGil-BegueS. Recommenders in Banking: An End-To-End Personalization Pipeline within ING Proceedings of the 15th ACM Conference on Recommender Systems September 2021 Amsterdam Netherlands 587\u2013589 https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/3460231.3474612.","DOI":"10.1145\/3460231.3474612"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_30_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/jtaer18010004"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_31_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"YangC. L. HsuS. C. HuaK. L. andChengW. H. Fuzzy Personalized Scoring Model for Recommendation System ICASSP 2019-2019 IEEE International Conference on Acoustics Speech and Signal Processing (ICASSP) May 2019 Brighton UK IEEE 1577\u20131581 https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/ICASSP.2019.8682809 2-s2.0-85069000039.","DOI":"10.1109\/ICASSP.2019.8682809"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_32_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.procs.2019.12.068"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_33_2","article-title":"CRISP-DM: End\u00fcstriler Aras\u0131 Standart \u0130\u015fleme\u2013Veri Madencili\u011fi I\u00e7in (Cross Industry Standard Processing\u2013Data Mining)","volume":"5","author":"\u015eeker \u015e. E.","year":"2018","journal-title":"YBS Ansiklopedi"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_34_2","volume-title":"Exploratory Data Analysis","author":"Tukey J. W.","year":"1977"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_35_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/mcse.2011.37"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_36_2","first-page":"1","article-title":"Pandas: a Foundational Python Library for Data Analysis and Statistics","volume":"14","author":"McKinney W.","year":"2011","journal-title":"Python for High Performance and Scientific Computing"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_37_2","first-page":"2825","article-title":"Scikit-Learn: Machine Learning in Python","volume":"12","author":"Pedregosa F.","year":"2011","journal-title":"The Journal of Machine Learning Research"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_38_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/mcse.2007.55"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_39_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s42256-019-0138-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_40_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/ie302042c"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_41_2","first-page":"523","article-title":"One-Hot Encoding and Convolutional Neural Network-Based Anomaly Detection","volume":"59","author":"Jie L.","year":"2019","journal-title":"Journal of Tsinghua University"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_42_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"RajuV. G. LakshmiK. P. JainV. M. KalidindiA. andPadmaV. Study the Influence of Normalization\/Transformation Process on the Accuracy of Supervised Classification 2020 Third International Conference on Smart Systems and Inventive Technology (ICSSIT) August 2020 Tirunelveli India IEEE 729\u2013735.","DOI":"10.1109\/ICSSIT48917.2020.9214160"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_43_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"MachadoM. R. KarrayS. andde SousaI. T. LightGBM: An Effective Decision Tree Gradient Boosting Method to Predict Customer Loyalty in the Finance Industry 2019 14th International Conference on Computer Science & Education (ICCSE) August 2019 Toronto Canada IEEE 1111\u20131116.","DOI":"10.1109\/ICCSE.2019.8845529"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_44_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.21203\/rs.3.rs-3154479\/v1"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_45_2","unstructured":"Ki\u0307\u015fi\u0307sel Veri\u0307leri\u0307 Koruma Kurumu Personal Data Protection Authority 2023 https:\/\/www.kvkk.gov.tr\/en\/."},{"key":"e_1_2_14_46_2","unstructured":"Ki\u0307\u015fi\u0307sel Veri\u0307leri\u0307 Koruma Kurumu Personal Data Protection Law 2023 https:\/\/www.kvkk.gov.tr\/Icerik\/6649\/Personal-Data-Protection-Law."},{"key":"e_1_2_14_47_2","volume-title":"Logistic Regression","author":"Kleinbaum D. G.","year":"2002"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_48_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"SekerS. E. Real Life Machine Learning Case on Mobile Advertisement: A Set of Real-Life Machine Learning Problems and Solutions for Mobile Advertisement 2016 International Conference on Computational Science and Computational Intelligence (CSCI) December 2016 Las Vegas NV IEEE 520\u2013524.","DOI":"10.1109\/CSCI.2016.0104"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_49_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.30801\/acin.356344"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_50_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.37418\/amsj.9.10.53"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_51_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00521-017-3141-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_52_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/su15021060"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_53_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"PriyaK. D. SamyogithaA. S. ReddyA. V. K. andSriB. D. ENSEMBLED CROPIFY\u2013Crop & Fertilizer Recommender System with Leaf Disease Prediction 2023 International Conference on Innovative Data Communication Technologies and Application (ICIDCA) March 2023 Coimbatore India IEEE 600\u2013604.","DOI":"10.1109\/ICIDCA56705.2023.10100117"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_54_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1063\/5.0148413"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_55_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"ShahM. KantawalaH. GandhiK. PatelR. PatelK. A. andKothariA. Theoretical Evaluation of Ensemble Machine Learning Techniques 2023 5th International Conference on Smart Systems and Inventive Technology (ICSSIT) January 2023 Tirunelveli India IEEE 829\u2013837.","DOI":"10.1109\/ICSSIT55814.2023.10061139"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_56_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"ChenT.andGuestrinC. Xgboost: A Scalable Tree Boosting System Proceedings of the 22nd Acm Sigkdd International Conference on Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining August 2016 San Francisco CA 785\u2013794.","DOI":"10.1145\/2939672.2939785"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_57_2","article-title":"CatBoost: Unbiased Boosting With Categorical Features","volume":"31","author":"Prokhorenkova L.","year":"2018","journal-title":"Advances in Neural Information Processing Systems"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_58_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/e25040638"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_59_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"BhattN.andVarmaS. An Enhanced Light GBM Model With Data Analytical Approach for Crop Recommendation 2023 Second International Conference on Electronics and Renewable Systems (ICEARS) March 2023 Tuticorin India IEEE 1538\u20131544.","DOI":"10.1109\/ICEARS56392.2023.10085596"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_60_2","unstructured":"RoyM. DasS. andProtityA. T. OBESEYE: Interpretable Diet Recommender for Obesity Management Using Machine Learning and Explainable AI 2023 https:\/\/arxiv.org\/abs\/2308.02796."},{"key":"e_1_2_14_61_2","first-page":"423","article-title":"An Intelligent Crop Recommendation System Using Deep Learning","volume":"11","author":"Ssl D. A.","year":"2023","journal-title":"International Journal of Intelligent Systems and Applications in Engineering"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_62_2","unstructured":"VermaG. SenguptaS. SimantaS.et al. Empowering Recommender Systems Using Automatically Generated Knowledge Graphs and Reinforcement Learning 2023 https:\/\/arxiv.org\/abs\/2307.04996."},{"key":"e_1_2_14_63_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"ZhangC.andZhangS. A Mobile Package Recommendation Method Based on Grid Search Combined With XGBoost Model 12787 Sixth International Conference on Advanced Electronic Materials Computers and Software Engineering (AEMCSE 2023) August 2023 Dalian China SPIE 242\u2013248 https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1117\/12.3004615.","DOI":"10.1117\/12.3004615"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_64_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"MohithM. ManikantaK. S. PreethamR.et al. A Survey on Movie Recommendation System by Using Machine Learning Algorithm 2023 International Conference on Sustainable Computing and Data Communication Systems (ICSCDS) December 2023 Erode India IEEE.","DOI":"10.1109\/ICSCDS56580.2023.10104889"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_65_2","article-title":"An Automated Online Recommender System for Stroke Risk Assessment","volume":"45","author":"Khan S.","year":"2023","journal-title":"CMBES Proceedings"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_66_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fpls.2023.1234555"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_67_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"SchmidtD. ChromikJ. andArnrichB. Recommender System for Alarm Thresholds in Medical Patient Monitors 16th International Conference on Health Informatics May 2023 Kyoto Japan 74\u201385.","DOI":"10.5220\/0011637500003414"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_68_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/widm.1484"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_69_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3587098"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_70_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/tnse.2023.3270910"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_71_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11227-022-04909-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_72_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.32604\/iasc.2023.030361"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_73_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"ManaS. C.andSasiprabaT. A Machine Learning Based Implementation of Product and Service Recommendation Models 2021 7th International Conference on Electrical Energy Systems (ICEES) February 2021 Virtual Conference IEEE 543\u2013547.","DOI":"10.1109\/ICEES51510.2021.9383732"}],"container-title":["International Journal of Intelligent Systems"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1155\/2024\/5585575","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,30]],"date-time":"2024-11-30T06:46:09Z","timestamp":1732949169000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1155\/2024\/5585575"}},"subtitle":[],"editor":[{"given":"Riccardo","family":"Ortale","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"editor"}]}],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,1]]},"references-count":73,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,1]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1155\/2024\/5585575"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1155\/2024\/5585575","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0884-8173","1098-111X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0884-8173","type":"print"},{"value":"1098-111X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,1]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2023-05-21","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2024-08-13","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2024-10-28","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}],"article-number":"5585575"}}