{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,21]],"date-time":"2026-07-21T15:43:19Z","timestamp":1784648599980,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":22,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,29]],"date-time":"2024-10-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1730160000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":302,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Advances in Pharmacological and Pharmaceutical Sciences"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p><jats:bold>Background\/Aims:<\/jats:bold> Long\u2010term acid suppression with proton pump inhibitors (PPI) leads to hypochlorhydria and facilitates the growth of bacterial flora in the small intestine. Novel acid\u2010suppressants called potassium\u2010competitive acid blockers (P\u2010CABs) seem to be superior to PPIs. However, data on the risk of small intestinal bacterial overgrowth (SIBO) in patients taking P\u2010CABs are limited.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Method:<\/jats:bold> We retrospectively analyzed a consecutive series of patients with long\u2010term acid\u2010suppressant (PPIs or P\u2010CABs) use for gastroesophageal reflux disease or nonsteroidal anti\u2010inflammatory drug (NSAID)\u2010induced gastropathy. All of them underwent endoscopic examinations and <jats:italic>Helicobacter pylori<\/jats:italic> testing and took PPIs or P\u2010CABs for at least 3\u2009months. Glucose hydrogen breath tests (GBT) were performed to check for SIBO, and newly developed SIBO\u2010related symptoms including bloating, postprandial discomfort, diarrheas, and constipation, were evaluated.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Results:<\/jats:bold> A total of 142 patients were enrolled. Six patients were excluded due to equivocal <jats:italic>Helicobacter pylori<\/jats:italic> infection results. The frequency of positive GBTs was 31.7% (25\/79) for PPI and 22.8% (13\/57) for P\u2010CAB use (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic> = 0.15). Regarding GBT positivity, age\u2010related factor was found to be significant in multivariate analysis (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic> = 0.02). The results of multivariate analysis in cases of SIBO\u2010related symptoms showed that GBT positivity and PPI use were significant (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic> &lt; 0.01).<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Conclusion:<\/jats:bold> Long\u2010term use of gastric acid suppressants resulted in positive GBT in approximately 30% of patients, and the risk was particularly high in elderly patients. The occurrence of SIBO\u2010related symptoms was significant in long\u2010term use of PPIs and in patients with positive GBT.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1155\/2024\/6069151","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,29]],"date-time":"2024-10-29T12:05:20Z","timestamp":1730203520000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["A Study on the Glucose Breath Test Positivity Rate and Occurrence of Small Intestine Bacterial Overgrowth\u2010Related Symptoms Caused by Long\u2010Term Use of Proton Pump Inhibitor (PPI) Versus Potassium\u2010Competitive Acid Blocker (P\u2010CAB) in Elderly Patients"],"prefix":"10.1155","volume":"2024","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8596-3054","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Na Rae","family":"Lim","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2450-8234","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Saenal","family":"Lim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1044-0440","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Woo Chul","family":"Chung","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_1_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2036.2006.02707.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2009.12.022"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10620-023-08162-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/gut.39.1.54"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12876-016-0484-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2362.2010.02419.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gtc.2021.02.008"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.14309\/ajg.0000000000000501"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10620-007-0065-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3748\/wjg.v16.i24.2978"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5152\/tjg.2016.15375"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1158\/1078-0432.ccr-13-1343"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1517\/14740338.2016.1118050"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/00365521.2011.627444"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/00365521.2019.1663446"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2036.2001.01029.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jgh.12209"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1124\/jpet.117.244202"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1172\/jci108740"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrgastro.2012.57"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpgi.00212.2015"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jgh3.12045"}],"container-title":["Advances in Pharmacological and Pharmaceutical Sciences"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1155\/2024\/6069151","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,29]],"date-time":"2024-10-29T12:05:22Z","timestamp":1730203522000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1155\/2024\/6069151"}},"subtitle":["SIBO Between PPI and P\u2010CAB"],"editor":[{"given":"Benedetto","family":"Natalini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"editor"}]}],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,1]]},"references-count":22,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,1]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1155\/2024\/6069151"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1155\/2024\/6069151","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["2633-4682","2633-4690"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2633-4682","type":"print"},{"value":"2633-4690","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,1]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2024-02-13","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2024-10-04","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2024-10-29","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}],"article-number":"6069151"}}