{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,5]],"date-time":"2026-08-05T03:43:57Z","timestamp":1785901437089,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":87,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,12]],"date-time":"2024-01-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1705017600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":11,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Transboundary and Emerging Diseases"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>In this study, the antimicrobial resistance profiles of bacterial strains obtained from wild avian species recovered in wetlands of Northern Italy were described. Cloacal swabs collected from 67 aquatic birds, hunted or found dead in two private hunting grounds, were submitted to microbiological investigations and antimicrobial susceptibility testing using the Vitek 2 system, while specific PCR protocols were applied to screen for genes associated with the resistance. One hundred fifty\u2010seven bacterial strains were characterized. The most frequent isolates were <jats:italic>Enterococcus faecalis<\/jats:italic> (36\/157; 22.9%) and <jats:italic>Escherichia coli<\/jats:italic> (23\/157; 14.6%). Seventy\u2010seven isolates (77\/157; 49%) were resulted resistant to at least one antibiotic, and eight isolates (8\/157; 5%) were classified as multidrug resistant bacteria. Resistance for critically important antibiotics (linezolid, vancomycin, carbapenems, third\u2010generation cephalosporins, and fluoroquinolones) was also described. <jats:italic>Salmonella<\/jats:italic> spp. was obtained from a Eurasian teal (<jats:italic>Anas crecca<\/jats:italic>), and it was subsequently analyzed by whole genome sequencing, revealing the serovar <jats:italic>Salmonella<\/jats:italic> Braenderup ST22. The phylogenetic analysis, performed with all ST22 described in 2021 and 2022, placed the strain under study in a large clade associated with human salmonellosis cases. These results suggest that migratory aquatic birds may be considered as relevant carriers of critically important antibiotic resistant bacteria and zoonotic food\u2010borne pathogens potentially able to impact public health.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1155\/2024\/6462849","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,12]],"date-time":"2024-01-12T18:05:10Z","timestamp":1705082710000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Wild Birds as Drivers of <i>Salmonella<\/i> Braenderup and Multidrug Resistant Bacteria in Wetlands of Northern Italy"],"prefix":"10.1155","volume":"2024","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6571-9110","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Camilla","family":"Smoglica","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9857-1298","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Giulia","family":"Graziosi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Damiano","family":"De Angelis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2085-3516","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Caterina","family":"Lupini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Annarita","family":"Festino","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6232-0857","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Elena","family":"Catelli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5593-8029","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alberto","family":"Vergara","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0896-4539","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Cristina Esmeralda","family":"Di Francesco","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_1_2","first-page":"364","volume-title":"Jekel\u2019s Epidemiology, Biostatistics, Preventive Medicine, and Public Health","author":"Barrett M. A.","year":"2013"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.prevetmed.2010.07.003"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_2","unstructured":"Food and Agriculture Organization World Animal Health Organisation World Health Organization United Nation System Influenza Coordination United Nation Children\u2019s Funds andWorld Bank \u201cOne World One Health\u201d: a strategic framework for reducing risks of infectious diseases at the animal-human-ecosystems interface 2008."},{"key":"e_1_2_9_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nature06536"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.onehlt.2020.100198"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/03009734.2014.905663"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/j.saep.2004.01.008"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1242552"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.foodcont.2014.04.040"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/pathogens12030478"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_11_2","unstructured":"TeamQ. D. QGIS geographic information system 2016 Open Source Geospatial Foundation (accessed on 10 December 2022)http:\/\/qgis.org\/."},{"key":"e_1_2_9_12_2","volume-title":"OIE Standards, Guidelines and Resolutions on Antimicrobial Resistance and the Use of Antimicrobial Agents","author":"World Organisation for Animal Health","year":"2020"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ani13030432"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_14_2","volume-title":"Manual of Diagnostic Tests and Vaccines for Terrestrial Animals","author":"World Organisation for Animal Health","year":"2022"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_15_2","unstructured":"European Committee on Antimicriobial Susceptibility Testing Breakpoint tables for interpretation of MICs and zone diameters 2021."},{"key":"e_1_2_9_16_2","volume-title":"Performance Standards for Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing","author":"Clinical & Laboratory Standard Institute","year":"2017"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_17_2","unstructured":"World Health Organization List of critically important antimicrobials for human medicine (WHO CIA List) 2018."},{"key":"e_1_2_9_18_2","unstructured":"European Medicine Agency Categorisation of antibiotics used in animals promotes responsible use to protect public and animal health 2020."},{"key":"e_1_2_9_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2903\/j.efsa.2022.7666"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2903\/j.efsa.2023.7867"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1101\/2020.05.14.095901"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/cmb.2012.0021"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/gkw387"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_24_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/bioinformatics\/btw493"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_25_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2164-9-75"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_26_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1101\/gr.232397.117"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_27_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1101\/gr.251678.119"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_28_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/molbev\/msg074"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_29_2","first-page":"195","article-title":"Salmonella spp. and antibiotic-resistant strains in wild mammals and birds in north-western Italy from 2002 to 2010","volume":"49","author":"Botti V.","year":"2013","journal-title":"Veterinaria Italiana"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_30_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/aem.01880-13"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_31_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1139\/cjm-2017-0763"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_32_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2021.146872"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_33_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fm.2021.103768"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_34_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2021.656223"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_35_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2021.703886"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_36_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cimid.2020.101519"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_37_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cimid.2023.101945"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_38_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2020.01397"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_39_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/spectrum.04366-22"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_40_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12915-019-0649-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_41_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2020.115200"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_42_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0193957"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_43_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2018.03094"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_44_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psj.2021.101084"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_45_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2019.03072"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_46_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ani12020129"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_47_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/vetsci8110265"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_48_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2021.151433"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_49_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0210686"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_50_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/antibiotics11121825"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_51_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3855\/jidc.17186"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_52_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijfoodmicro.2010.11.020"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_53_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/23744235.2018.1536830"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_54_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1264\/jsme2.me10179"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_55_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/jcm.02467-09"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_56_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/biology10090871"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_57_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/antibiotics11070852"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_58_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7589\/2017-05-118"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_59_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/mdr.2018.0461"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_60_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/1462-2920.14702"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_61_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.anaerobe.2013.09.004"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_62_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1099\/jmm.0.038364-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_63_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/cmr.00188-20"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_64_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/mdr.2021.0402"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_65_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0378-1135(94)90135-x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_66_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/jcm.43.2.956-958.2005"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_67_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/antibiotics11101363"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_68_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7589\/2018-06-158"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_69_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1472-765x.2001.01015.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_70_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.12659\/ajcr.925752"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_71_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7759\/cureus.5659"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_72_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00284-010-9619-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_73_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1099\/mgen.0.000283"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_74_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/1365-2664.12596"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_75_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tree.2011.03.004"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_76_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/1365-2664.13723"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_77_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/tbed.14433"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_78_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/tbed.14680"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_79_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.20506\/rst.23.3.1529"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_80_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/dkt260"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_81_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/tbed.12169"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_82_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/zph.12380"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_83_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2903\/sp.efsa.2021.EN-6807"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_84_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7589\/2019-04-099"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_85_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0007289"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_86_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph7103657"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_87_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/antibiotics11040530"}],"container-title":["Transboundary and Emerging Diseases"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/downloads.hindawi.com\/journals\/tbed\/2024\/6462849.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/downloads.hindawi.com\/journals\/tbed\/2024\/6462849.xml","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1155\/2024\/6462849","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,3]],"date-time":"2025-01-03T14:50:55Z","timestamp":1735915855000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1155\/2024\/6462849"}},"subtitle":[],"editor":[{"given":"Long-Xian","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"editor"}]}],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,1]]},"references-count":87,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,1]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1155\/2024\/6462849"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1155\/2024\/6462849","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1865-1674","1865-1682"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1865-1674","type":"print"},{"value":"1865-1682","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,1]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2023-07-11","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2023-12-27","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2024-01-12","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}],"article-number":"6462849"}}