{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,30]],"date-time":"2025-07-30T15:21:01Z","timestamp":1753888861386,"version":"3.41.2"},"reference-count":26,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,27]],"date-time":"2024-07-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1722038400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":208,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100008891","name":"Loma Linda University","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100008891","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Critical Care Research and Practice"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p><jats:italic>Objective<\/jats:italic>. Describe continuous infusion (CI) ketamine practices in pediatric intensive care units (PICUs) and evaluate its effect on pain\/sedation scores, exposure to analgesics\/sedatives, and adverse effects (AEs). <jats:italic>Methods<\/jats:italic>. Multicenter, retrospective, observational study in children &lt;18\u2009years who received CI ketamine between 2014 and 2017. Time spent in goal pain\/sedation score range and daily cumulative doses of analgesics\/sedatives were compared from the 24\u2009hours (H) prior to CI ketamine to the first 24H and 25\u221248H of the CI. Adverse effects were collected over the first 7\u2009days of CI ketamine. <jats:italic>Results<\/jats:italic>. Twenty\u2010four patients from 4 PICUs were included; median (IQR) age 7 (1\u201013.25) years, 54% female (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u200913), 92% intubated (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u200922), 25% on CI vasopressors (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20096), and 33% on CI paralytics (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20098). Ketamine indications were analgesia\/sedation (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u200921, 87.5%) and status epilepticus (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20093, 12.5%). Median starting dose was 0.5 (0.48\u20130.70) mg\/kg\/hr and continued for a median of 2.4 (1.3\u20134.4) days. There was a significant difference in mean proportion of time spent within goal pain score range (24H prior: 74%\u2009\u00b1\u200914%, 0\u201324H: 85%\u2009\u00b1\u200910%, and 25\u221248H: 72%\u2009\u00b1\u200920%; <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic> = 0.014). A significant reduction in median morphine milligram equivalents (MME) was seen (24H prior: 58 (8\u2013195) mg vs. 0\u201324H: 4 (0\u201369) mg and <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic> = 0.01), but this was not sustained (25\u221248H: 24 (2\u2013246) mg and <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic> = 0.29). Common AEs were tachycardia (63%), hypotension (54%), secretions\/suctioning (29%), and emergence reactions (13%). <jats:italic>Conclusions<\/jats:italic>. Ketamine CI improved time in goal pain score range and significantly reduced MME, but this was not sustained. Larger prospective studies are needed in the pediatric population.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1155\/2024\/6626899","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,27]],"date-time":"2024-07-27T18:48:41Z","timestamp":1722106121000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Multicenter Retrospective Review of Ketamine Use in Pediatric Intensive Care Units (Ketamine\u2010PICU Study)"],"prefix":"10.1155","volume":"2024","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7419-5312","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Christine M.","family":"Groth","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7609-8855","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Christopher 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