{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,20]],"date-time":"2026-01-20T12:14:46Z","timestamp":1768911286544,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":36,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,13]],"date-time":"2024-04-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1712966400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":103,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100008530","name":"European Regional Development Fund","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100008530","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Transboundary and Emerging Diseases"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Wild boar (<jats:italic>Sus scrofa<\/jats:italic>) is a common wild ungulate known as the most important reservoir of tuberculosis (TB) in Spain. The severity of TB lesions in this species and the high prevalence of porcine circovirus type 2 (PCV\u20102) have been related. PCV\u20102 is ubiquitous in swine populations, being usual for the free\u2010living ones the contact with this agent. Recent studies found a correlation between a decrease of generalised TB prevalence in wild boar populations and the PCV\u20102\u2010vaccination. The aim of this study was to find out if PCV\u20102 vaccination modulates the gene expression of cytokines from immune cells after its exposition with mycobacterial antigens using an in vitro methodology. A total of 46 wild boars from a PCV\u20102 infection endemic area were blood\u2010sampled before and after the PCV\u20102 vaccination of 22 of them. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) were obtained and isolated from these samples. Aliquots of the cells were in vitro cultured and respectively stimulated with PPDa, PPDb, and a mitogen. A complete analysis of the gene expression of cytokines from the cultured PBMC was carried out. Also, <jats:italic>Mycobacterium bovis<\/jats:italic> and PCV\u20102 contacts were revealed by ELISA and\/or qPCR. The results demonstrated that the animals which have had contact with PCV\u20102 and had been vaccinated, manifested a significant decrease in gene expression of proinflammatory cytokines, like interleukin 1 beta, interleukin 6, and tumour necrosis factor\u2010alpha, possibly related with the severity of TB lesions, and also a significant decrease of interleukin 10, a key cytokine. In conclusion, in case of possible infection or contact events with the virus, PCV\u20102 vaccination could be an effective measure to reduce the TB severity in wild boar populations, which could decrease the intra and interspecies transmission of TB.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1155\/2024\/7308995","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,13]],"date-time":"2024-04-13T18:50:06Z","timestamp":1713034206000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Effect of PCV\u20102 Vaccination on Cytokines Gene Expression Profile in Wild Boar Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells after Stimulation with Mycobacteria Antigens"],"prefix":"10.1155","volume":"2024","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5351-7623","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Roc\u00edo","family":"Holgado-Mart\u00edn","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3405-8801","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"David","family":"Risco","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Alfredo","family":"Garc\u00eda-S\u00e1nchez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Remigio","family":"Mart\u00ednez-P\u00e9rez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jos\u00e9 Manuel","family":"Ben\u00edtez-Medina","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Alfonso","family":"Ramos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Javier","family":"Hermoso-De Mendoza","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Luis","family":"G\u00f3mez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,13]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_1_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1051\/vetres:2004051"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1099\/ijsem.0.002507"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ani10122433"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0026-265X(77)90137-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_5_2","first-page":"1","article-title":"An overview on bovine tuberculosis and its economic significance in Mekelle city, Ethiopia","volume":"7","author":"Aden M. O.","year":"2021","journal-title":"International Journal of Current Research and Academic Review"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2007.10.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.prevetmed.2005.10.005"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/vr.g3644"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2014\/765715"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cimid.2021.101674"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10393-018-1321-x"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ani13243833"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fevo.2023.1186295"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/104063870001200102"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1079\/AHR2005106"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/jcpa.1998.0258"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/104063870701900601"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2009.04.028"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2003.10.007"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1354\/vp.43-3-281"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-animal-031412-103720"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s40813-015-0012-z"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/tbed.12112"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_24_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.186.1.39"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_25_2","first-page":"1","volume-title":"Veterinary Immunology","author":"Tizard I. R.","year":"2013"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_26_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/thx.51.12.1253"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_27_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-immunol-093019-125148"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_28_2","first-page":"77","article-title":"Isolation of mononuclear cells and granulocytes from human blood. Isolation of monuclear cells by one centrifugation, and of granulocytes by combining centrifugation and sedimentation at 1 g","volume":"97","author":"B\u00f6yum A.","year":"1968","journal-title":"Scandinavian Journal of Clinical and Laboratory Investigation"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_29_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3762\/bjoc.9.308"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_30_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jim.2005.06.021"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_31_2","first-page":"71","article-title":"An improvement of the 2^(\u2013delta delta CT) method for quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction data analysis","volume":"3","author":"Rao X.","year":"2013","journal-title":"Biostatistics, Bioinformatics and Biomathematics"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_32_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0108910"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_33_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s44149-021-00027-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_34_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/jit152"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_35_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.virusres.2009.07.009"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_36_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.virusres.2011.12.003"}],"container-title":["Transboundary and Emerging Diseases"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/downloads.hindawi.com\/journals\/tbed\/2024\/7308995.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/downloads.hindawi.com\/journals\/tbed\/2024\/7308995.xml","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1155\/2024\/7308995","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,3]],"date-time":"2025-01-03T15:01:18Z","timestamp":1735916478000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1155\/2024\/7308995"}},"subtitle":[],"editor":[{"given":"Abdelfattah","family":"Selim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"editor","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,1]]},"references-count":36,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,1]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1155\/2024\/7308995"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1155\/2024\/7308995","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1865-1674","1865-1682"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1865-1674","type":"print"},{"value":"1865-1682","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,1]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2024-01-27","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2024-03-30","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2024-04-13","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}],"article-number":"7308995"}}